Question
How are genetic disorders broadly classified? Differentiate between them. Explain by giving one example for each.
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Answer
These are disorders or illness caused by one or more abnormlities in the autosomes or sex chromosomes of the person. Thus, referred to as autosomal disorders or sex-linked disorders, respectively.
The generic disorders are divided into:
Differentiate between Mendelian and Chormosomal disorders are:
The generic disorders are divided into:
Differentiate between Mendelian and Chormosomal disorders are:
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S.No.
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Mendelian disorders
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Chormosomal disorders
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(i)
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The disorders are caused by allelic abnormalities.
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The disorders are caused by chromosomal abnormalities
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(ii)
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Allelic abnormalities develop due to mutations.
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Chromosomal abnormalities develop due to defective synapsis and disjunction.
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(iii)
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The defect can be predicted through pedigree analysis.
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The defect can be known through amniocentesis.
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(iv)
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The disorder is transmitted to the progeny.
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The disorder is rarely transmitted.
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(v)
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Examples: Haemophilia, Cystic fibrosis, Colour blindness, Sickle-cell anaemia, Thalassemia, Phenylketonuria, etc.
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Examples: Down's syndrome, Turner's syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome, etc.
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