The phenomenon shown in the figure is dispersion of light through prism.
i. The process of separation of light into its component colours while passing through a medium is called the dispersion of light, Dispersion of sunlight can be observed using prism.
ii. As the sunlight enters the prism, each colour gets refracted through different angles.
iii. Hence, sunlight disperses into seven colours showing different colours of light.
iv. Out of these seven colours, red colour bends the least and hence, it is at the top of the spectrum.
v. Violet colour bends the most and hence, it is at the bottom of the spectrum.
vi. Each colour emerges out along different paths and becomes distinct producing a spectrum of seven different colours.
