Question
Lalit Mohan keeps incomplete records. From the following information provided by him, prepare a Trading and Profit & Loss Account for the year ended $31^{st}$ March, $2015$ and a Balance Sheet as at that date:
Summary of cash transactions during the year:
You are informed that there were considerable amount of cash sales during the year. Credit purchases during the year amounted to ₹ $1,80,000$. Provide $5\%$ for doubtful debts on debtors.

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Give journal entries for the following adjustments in final accounts assuming CGST and SGST @ 9% each:
  1. Closing Stock ₹ 80,000.
  2. Outstanding salaries ₹ 21,000.
  3. Insurance premium amounting to ₹ 15,000 is paid in advance.
  4. ₹ 9,000 received for rent related to the next accounting period.
  5. Commission accrued but not received during the accounting year ₹ 1,500.
  6. Write off ₹ 500 as further bad debts.
  7. Goods costing ₹ 8,000 destroyed by fire and insurance company admitted a claim for ₹ 5,000 only.
  8. Goods costing ₹ 10,000 (Market value ₹ 11,000) were taken by proprietor for personal use.
Prepare a trading and profit & loss account of M/s Green Club Ltd. for the year and a Balance Sheet as at that date from the following figures taken from their trial balance:

Adjustments:
  1. Depreciation charged on Machinery @ 5% p.a.
  2. Further Bad-debts ₹ 1,500, provision for discount on debtors @ 5% and provision for Doubtful Debts on debtors @ 6%.
  3. Wages prepaid ₹ 1,000.
  4. Interest on investments @ 5% p.a.
Bring out the relationship between AIS and Marketing Information System.
Siya maintains her books of account from Incomplete Records. Her books provide the following information:
Particulars1^(st ") April
2022 (₹)
31^(st ") March2023 (₹)
Cash1,2004,000
Debtors16,80027,200
Stock22,40024,400
Investments________8,000
Furniture7,5008,000
Creditors14,90011,600

She withdraws ₹ 500 per month for personal expenses. She sold her Investments ₹ 16,000 at $5 \%$ premium and introduced the amount into a business.
You are required to prepare a Statement of Profit or Loss for the year ending $31^{\text {st }}$ March 2023.
Following are the balance extracted from the books of Manish on 31st March, 2019:

Prepare Trading and Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet as 31st March, 2019 after following adjustments are made:
  1. Closing Stock was ₹ 16,000.
  2. Depreciation Plant and Machinery @ 10% and Delivery Vehicle @ 15%.
  3. Unpaid Rent amounted to ₹ 500.
Modern Ltd. purchased a machinery on 1st August, 2016 for ₹ 60,000. On 1st October, 2017, it purchased another machine for ₹ 20,000 plus CGST and SGST @ 6% each. On 30th June, 2018, it sold the first machine purchased in 2016 for ₹ 38,500 charging IGST @ 12%. Depreciation is provided @ 20% p.a. on the original cost each year. Accounts are closed on 31st March every year. Prepare the Machinery Account for three years.
From the following particulars, you are required to ascertain the bank balance as would appear in the Cash Book of Ramesh as on 31st October, 2018:
  1. Bank Pass Book showed an overdraft of ₹ 16,500 on 31st October.
  2. Interest of ₹ 1,250 on overdraft up to 31st October, 2018 has been debited in the Bank Pass Book but it has not been entered in the Cash Book.
  3. Bank charges debited in the Bank Pass Book amounted to ₹ 35.
  4. Cheques issued prior to 31st October, 2018 but not presented till that date, amounted to ₹ 11,500.
  5. Cheques paid into bank before 31st October, but not collected and credited up to that date, were for ₹ 2,500.
  6. Interest on investment collected by the bankers and credited in the Bank Pass Book amounted to ₹ 1,800.
On 1st April, 2016, Shivam Enterprise purchased a second-hand machinery for ₹ 52,000 and spent ₹ 2,000 on cartage, ₹ 3,000 on unloading, ₹ 2,000 on installation and ₹ 1,000 as brokerage of the middle man. It was estimated that the machinery will have a scrap value of ₹ 6,000 at the end of its useful life, which is 10 years. On 31st December 2016, repairs and renewals amounted to ₹ 2,500 were paid. On 1st October, 2018, this machine was sold for ₹ 30,600 and an amount of ₹ 600 was paid as commission to an agent. Calculate the amount of annual depreciation and rate of depreciation. Also prepare the Machinery Account for first 3 years, assuming that firm follows financial year for accounting.
From the following balances of the year ended 31st December, 2013 and additional information, prepare the trading and profit and loss account and the balance sheet M/s Ram Lai Sons.
Name of AccountsAmt(Rs)Name of AccountsAmt(Rs)
Capital80,000Insurance600
Purchases82,000Salaries12,500
Sales1,10,000Bad Debts200
Return Outwards1,000Carriage on purchases200
Building45,000Commission (credit)1,500
Opening Stock15,000Cash in hand5,000
Debtors20,100Cash at Bank25,000
Creditors28,000Sales tax paid5,000
Furniture7,000Sales tax collected3,500
Wages1,800Interest on investment500
Rent5,100  
Additional Information
i. Closing stock was valued at Rs 20,000.
ii. Provide depreciation on building @ 5% and on furniture @10%.
iii. Outstanding salaries Rs 1,000.
iv. Unexpired insurance Rs 50.
v. Accrued commission Rs 300.
vi. Provide for manager's commission at 5% on net profit after charging such commission.
On 1st January, 2019, Ram of Kolkata commenced business with a capital of ₹ 50,000 and entered into following transactions:
Pass the following transactions through proper books to the Ledger. Take out a Trial Balance as on 31st January, 2019. The Cash Book must be balanced.
2019  
Jan. 1 Opened a Bank Account and Deposited ........ 12,500
  Purchased Goods against Cash Payment* ........ 20,000
  Purchased furniture for Shop* ........ 5,000
  Sold goods to R. Raman, Kolkata* ........ 5,000
Jan. 2 Bought goods from Man Mohan, Delhi** ........ 10,000
Jan. 3 Bought stationery and paid by cash ........ 1,000
Jan. 5 Received cash from R. Raman ........ 5,300
  Discount allowed to him ........ 300
Jan. 6 Sold goods to Bimal, Kolkata* ........ 7,500
Jan. 8 Bimal returned part of the goods supplied on the 6th instant ........ 1,500
Jan. 10 Paid cash into bank ........ 1,000
Jan. 12 Paid wages ........ 1,500
Jan. 13 Bought on credit from the Union Furniture Co., Kolkata office desk* ........ 1,500
Jan. 19 Paid wages ........ 1,500
Jan. 21 Paid to Man Mohan by cheque ........ 10,700
  Discount received ........ 500
Jan. 21 Sold goods to Ramesh, Guwahati including IGST** ........ 6,720
Jan. 22 Received cheque from Bimal ........ 6,000
Jan. 23 Bought goods from Man Mohan, Delhi** ........ 7,000
Jan. 24 Drew by cheque for personal use ........ 2,000
Jan. 27 Paid wages ........ 1,500
Jan. 31 Rent due to landlord* ........ 1,000
Transactions marked with (*) are intra-state transactions subject to CGST and SGST @ 6% each.
Transactions marked with (**) are inter-state transactions subject to IGST @ 12%.