MCQ
Match the transformations in column $I$ with appropriate options in column $II$
column $I$ column $II$
$(A)$ $CO _2( s ) \rightarrow CO _2( g )$ $(p)$ phase transition
$(B)$ $CaCO _3( s ) \rightarrow CaO$ (s) $+ CO _2( g )$ $(q)$ allotropic change
$(C)$ $2 H \bullet \rightarrow H _2( g )$ $(r)$ $\Delta H$ is positive
$(D)$ $P_{\text {(white, solid) }} \rightarrow P_{\text {(red, solid) }}$ $(s)$ $\Delta S$ is positive
  $(t)$ $\Delta S$ is negative
  • A
    $(A) \rightarrow p, r \ and\  s,(B) \rightarrow r \ and \ s (C) \rightarrow t (D) \rightarrow p, q \ and \ t $
  • B
    $(A) \rightarrow p, r \ and\  t,(B) \rightarrow p \ and \ q (C) \rightarrow s (D) \rightarrow p, r \ and \ s $
  • C
    $(A) \rightarrow p, q \ and\  r,(B) \rightarrow p \ and \ s (C) \rightarrow p (D) \rightarrow p, q \ and \ r $
  • D
    $(A) \rightarrow r, s \ and\  t,(B) \rightarrow r \ and \ t (C) \rightarrow r (D) \rightarrow p, s \ and \ t $

Answer

$(A)$ $CO _2(s) \rightarrow CO _2(g)$

It is just a phase transition (sublimation) as no chemical change has occurred. Sublimation is always endothermic. Product is gas, more disordered. hence $\triangle S$ is positive

$(B)$ $CaCO _3$ (s) $\rightarrow CaO$ (s) $+ CO _2$ $(g)$

It is a chemical decomposition, not a phase change. Thermal decomposition occur at the expense of energy, hence endothermic. Product contain a gaseous species, hence, $\triangle S>0$.

$(C)$ $2 H \rightarrow H _2$ $(g)$

A new $H - H$ covalent bond is being formed, hence, $\Delta H < O$. Also, product is less disordered than reactant, $\triangle S <0$.

$(D)$ Allotropes are considered as different phase, hence $P_{\text {white,solid) }} \rightarrow P _{\text {red,solid }}$ is a phase transition as well as allotropic change.

Also, red phosphorus is more ordered than white phosphorus, $\Delta S <0$.

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