$NO^-_3, CO^{2-}_3 ,CO^-_3 ,SO_3$
\(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}=32 \mathrm{e}^{-}\)
\(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}=32 \mathrm{e}^{-} \\\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}=42\mathrm{e}^{-}\end{array}\)
\(\mathrm{SO}_{3}^{-}=41 \mathrm{e}^{-}\)
Therefore, \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) are isoelectronic The structures of both \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) is trigonal planar. Therefore \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) are isostructural also.
$sp < sp^2 < sp^3$
$(i)$ વિદ્યુતઋણતા $(ii)$ સમાન સંકર કક્ષકો વચ્ચેનો બંધકોણ
$(iii)$ કદ $(iv)$ ઉર્જા સ્તર