$I.\,C{r_2}{O_7}^{2 - }\, + \,2O{H^ - }\, \to \,Cr{O_4}^{2 - }\, + \,{H_2}O$
$II.\,Zn\, + \,CuS{O_4}\, \to \,ZnS{O_4}\, + \,Cu$
$III.\,2Mn{O_4}^ - \, + \,3M{n^{2 + }}\, + \,4O{H^ - }\, \to \,5Mn{O_2}\, + \,2{H_2}O$
$IV.\,2C{u^ + }\, \to \,Cu\, + \,C{u^{2 + }}$
$xMn{O_4}^ - \, + \,y{H_2}S{O_4}\, \to \,2M{n^{2 + }}\, + \,5{H_2}O\, + \,z{e^ - }$