\(2 R - X +2 Na \stackrel{\text { Dry ether }}{\longrightarrow} R - alkane +2 NaX\)
Where \(R\) is an alkane \(X\) is a halide.
All other process are used for preparation for amines.
$(I)$ Benzylchloride
$(II)$ $p-$ Methoxy benzyl chloride
$(III)$ $p-$ Nitro benzyl chloride
$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Br}+\mathrm{Z}^{-}$$\xrightarrow[{{\text{Sublimation}}}]{{{k_s}}} \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Z}+\mathrm{Br}^{-}$
$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Br}+\mathrm{Z}^{-}$$\xrightarrow[{{\text{elimination}}}]{{{k_e}}}\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}= \mathrm{CH}_{2} +\mathrm{HZ}+\mathrm{Br}^{-}$
where
$\mathrm{Z}^{-}=\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{O}^{-}(\mathrm{A})$ or $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,C{H_3}} \\
{|\,\,\,\,\,} \\
{C{H_3} - C - {O^ - }(B)} \\
{|\,\,\,\,} \\
{\,\,C{H_3}}
\end{array}$
જો $\mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{s}}$ અને $\mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{e}}$ અનુક્રમે વિસ્થાપન અને વિલોપન માટેના વેગ અચળાંક હોય અને $\mu=\frac{\mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{s}}}{\mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{e}}}$ હોય, તો સાચો વિકલ્પ જણાવો.