Question
Out of the following, the strongest base in aqueous solution is
✓
Answer
Dimethylamine
$\ce{NH3} <$ primary amine $<$ tertiary amine $<$ secondary amine
This is because :
$i.$ Steric hindrance
The size of an alkyl group is more than that of a hydrogen atom.
So, an alkyl group would hinder the attack of a hydrogen atom, thus decreasing the basicity of the molecule.
So, the more the number of alkyl groups attached, lesser will be its basicity.
$ii.$ Solvation of ions
When amines are dissolved in water, they form protonated amines.
Also, the number of possibilities for hydrogen bonding also increases.
More the number of hydrogen bonding more is the hydration that is released in the process of the formation of hydrogen bonds.
$\ce{NH3} <$ primary amine $<$ tertiary amine $<$ secondary amine
This is because :
$i.$ Steric hindrance
The size of an alkyl group is more than that of a hydrogen atom.
So, an alkyl group would hinder the attack of a hydrogen atom, thus decreasing the basicity of the molecule.
So, the more the number of alkyl groups attached, lesser will be its basicity.
$ii.$ Solvation of ions
When amines are dissolved in water, they form protonated amines.
Also, the number of possibilities for hydrogen bonding also increases.
More the number of hydrogen bonding more is the hydration that is released in the process of the formation of hydrogen bonds.
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