Question
Potential difference $(\triangle\text{V})$ between two points A and B separated by a distance x, in a uniform electric field E is given by $\triangle\text{V}=-\text{Ex},$ where xis measured parallel to the field lines. If a charge $q_0$ moves from P to Q, the change in potential energy $(\triangle\text{U})$ is given as $\triangle\text{U}=-\text{q}_0\triangle\text{V}.$ A proton is released from rest in uniform electric field of magnitude $4.0 \times 10^8Vm^{-1}$ directed along the positive X-axis. The proton undergoes a displacement of 0.25m in the direction of E. Mass of a proton $= 1.66 \times 10^{-27}kg$ and charge of proton $= 1.6 \times 10^{-19}C.$
  1. The change in electric potential of the proton between the points A and B is:
  1. $-1 \times 10^8V$
  2. $1 \times 10^8V$
  3. $6.4 \times 10^{-19}V$
  4. $-6.4 \times 10^{-19}V$
  1. The change in electric potential energy of the proton for displacement from A to B is:
  1. $1.6 \times 10^{11}J$
  2. $0.5 \times 10^{23}J$
  3. $-1.6 \times 10^{-11}J$
  4. $3.2 \times 10^{22}J$
  1. The mutual electrostatic potential energy between two protons which are at a distance of $9 \times 10^{-15}$m, in $_{92}U^{235}$ nucleus is:
  1. $1.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
  2. $5.5 \times 10^{-14}J$
  3. $2.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
  4. $4.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
  1. If a system consistsoftwocharges 4mC and -3mC with no external field placed at (-5cm, 0, 0) and (5cm, 0, 0) respectively. The amount of work required to separate the two charges infinitely away from each other is:
  1. -1.1J
  2. 2J
  3. 2.5J
  4. 3J
  1. As the proton moves from P to Q, then:
  1. The potential energy of proton decreases.
  2. The potential energy of proton increases.
  3. The proton loses kinetic energy.
  4. Total energy of the proton increases.

Answer

  1. (a) $ -1 \times 10^8V$
Explanation:
As $\triangle\text{V}=-\text{E}\triangle\text{x}=-(4.0\times10^8\frac{\text{V}}{\text{m}})(0.25\text{m})$
$=-10^8\text{V}.$
  1. (c) $-1.6 \times 10^{-11}J$
Explanation:
As $\triangle\text{U}=\text{q}_0\triangle\text{V}$
$=-(1.6\times10^{-19})\times(-1.0\times10^8\text{V})$
$=-1.6\times10^{-11}\text{V}.$
  1. (c) $2.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
​​​​​​​Explanation:
Here, $q_1 = q_2 = 1.6 \times 10^{-19}C, r = 9 \times 10^{-15}m$
$\text{U}=\frac{9\times10^9\times1.6\times10^{-19}\times1.6\times10^{-19}}{9\times10^{-15}}$
$=2.56\times10^{-14}\text{J}.$
  1. (a) -1.1J
​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Explanation:
Here, $\text{q}_1=4\mu\text{C},\text{ q}_2=3\mu\text{C}$
r = 10cm = 0.1m
Electrostatic potential energy,
$\text{U}=\frac{1}{4\pi\in_0}\frac{\text{q}_1\text{q}_2}{\text{r}}$
$=9\times10^9\times\frac{4\times10^{-6}\times(-3)\times10^{-6}}{0.1}$
= -1.1J
  1. (a) The potential energy of proton decreases.
​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Explanation:
As proton moves in the direction of the electric field, then its potential energy decreases.

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