Predict whether the following reactions would occur spontaneously… - Vidyadip

Question

Predict whether the following
reactions would occur spontaneously
under standard state conditions.
a. $Ca_{(s)} + Cd^{2+}_{(aq)} \rightarrow Ca^{2+}_{(aq)} + Cd_{(s)}$
b. $2 Br-_{(s)} + Sn^{2+}(aq) \rightarrow Br_2_{(l)} + Sn_{(s)}$
c. $2Ag_{(s)} + Ni^{2+}_{(aq)} \rightarrow 2 Ag^+_{(aq)} + Ni_{(s)}$

✓

Answer

(a) $E_{C a^{2+} / C a}^0=-2.866 V$ and $E_{C d^{2+} / C d}^0=-0.403 V$ Since, $E_{C a^{2+} / C a}^0<E_{C d^2 / C d^{\prime}}^0$ Ca will reduce $C d_{(a q)}^{2+}$ and reaction would occur.
(b) $E_{B r^2 / B r}^0=+1.080 V$ and $E_{S a^{2+} / S n}^0=-0.136 \because E_{S n^{2+} / S n}^0<E_{B r^2 / B r^r}^0$, reaction will not occur. (Possible reaction is, $B r_{2(l)}+S n_{(s)} \longrightarrow 2 B r_{(a q)}^{-}+S n_{(a q)}^{2+}$
(c) $E_{A g^{+} / A g}^0=+0.799 V$ and $E_{N^{2+} / N i}^0=-0.257 V \because E_{A g^* / A g}^0>E_{N^{2+} / Ni ^2}^0$, the reaction would not occur. (Possible reaction is,
$\left.2 A g_{(a q)}^{+}+N i_{(s)} \longrightarrow 2 A g_{(s)}+N i_{(a q)}^{2+}\right)$

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