Question
Ram Prashad keeps his books on Single Entry System and from them and the particulars supplied, the following figures were gathered together on 31st March, 2019:
Book Debts ₹ 10,000; Cash in Hand ₹ 510; Stock-in-Trade (estimated) ₹ 6,000; Furniture and Fittings ₹ 1,200; Trade Creditors ₹ 4,000; Bank Overdraft ₹ 1,000; Ram Prashad stated that he started business on 1st April, 2018 with cash ₹ 6000 paid into bank but stocks valued at ₹ 4,000. During the year he estimated his drawings to be ₹ 2,400. You are required to prepare the statement, showing the profit for the year, after writing off 10% for Depreciation on Furniture and Fittings.

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On 1st October, 2015, Meenal Sharma bought a machine for ₹ 25,000 on which he spent ₹ 5,000 for carriage and freight; ₹ 1,000 for brokerage of the middle-man, ₹ 4,000 for installation. The machine is depreciated @ 10% p.a. on written down value basis. On 31st March, 2018 the machine was sold to Deepa for ₹ 30,500 and ₹ 500 was paid as commission to broker through whom the sales was effected. Find out the profit or loss on sale of machine if accounts are closed on 31st March, every year.
Trial Balance of a business as at 31st March, 2019 is given below:

Prepare Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2019 and Balance Sheet as at that date after taking into account the following adjustments:
  1. Closing Stock was valued at ₹ 7,000.
  2. Outstanding liabilities for wages were ₹ 600 and salaries ₹ 1,400.
  3. Depreciation is to be provided @ 5% p.a. on fixed assets.
  4. Included in Plant and Machinery is a machine purchased for ₹ 10,000 on 1st October, 2018.
  5. Insurance premium paid in advance ₹ 200.
Give Journal entries for the following adjustments in final accounts:
  1. Salaries ₹ 5,000 are outstanding.
  2. Insurance amounting to ₹ 2,000 is paid in advance.
  3. ₹ 4,000 for rent have been received in advance.
  4. Cornmission earned but not received ₹ 1,000.
  5. Interest on Capital ₹ 1,500.
  6. Interest on Drawings ₹ 300.
  7. Write off ₹ 2,000 as further debts.
  8. Closing Stock ₹ 3,000.
Rectify the following errors found in the books of Bheem. Trial Balance had ₹ 930 excess credit. The difference has been posted to a Suspense Account:
  1. The total of Returns Inward Book has been cast ₹ 1,000 short.
  2. The purchase of an office table costing ₹ 3,000 has been passed through the Purchases Book.
  3. ₹ 3,750 paid for wages to workmen for making showcases had been charged to the Wages Account.
  4. A purchase of ₹ 670 had been posted to the Creditors' Account as ₹ 600.
  5. A cheque for ₹ 2,000 received from Nakul had been dishonoured and was passed to the debit of the Allowances Account.
  6. An amount of ₹ 15,720 due from Prasad written off as had in a previous year, was recovered and credited to the Personal Account of Prasad.
After rectification reflect the transactions in the Suspense Account.
Sh. Param Bhushan does not maintain proper books of accounts. From the following, prepare his trading and profit & loss account for the year ended $31^{st}$ March, $2015$, together with balance sheet as at that date:
BALANCE SHEET
as at $31^{st}$ March, $2014$

Cash book analysis shows the following:
The following further information is available: Closing Stock ₹ $1,35,000$; Closing Debtors ₹ $1,92,000$; Closing Creditors ₹ $72,000$; Outstanding Salaries at the end ₹ $6,000$; General Expenses include ₹ $5,000$ for house rent of Sh. Param Bhushan and Cash Sale include ₹ $30,000$ for sale of his personal jewellery. Create a provision of $2\frac{1}{2}\%$ for doubtful debts and depreciate plant and machinery by $10\%$ p.a. and computers and furniture by $20\%$ p.a. Also provide $5\%$ for group incentive commission to staff on net profit after charging such commission.
Explain the main parts of Computer system with the help of a diagram.
From the following Trial Balance and other information, prepare Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2019 and Balance Sheet as at that date:

Stock on 31st March, 2019 was ₹ 1,24,500. Rent was unpaid to the extent of ₹ 850 and ₹ 1,500 were outstanding for General Expenses; ₹ 4,000 are to be written off as bad debts out of the above debtors; and 5% is to be provided for doubtful debts. Depreciate Plant and Machinery by 10% and Premises by 2%.
Manager is entitled to a commission of 5% on net profit after charging his commission.
Following are the balances extracted from the books of Narain on 31st March, 2019:​

Additional Information:
  1. Closing Stock as on 31st March, 2019 was ₹ 2,00,600, whereas its Net Realisable Value (Market Value) was ₹ 2,05,000.
  2. Depreciate Business Premises by ₹ 3,000 and Furniture and Fittings by ₹ 2,500.
  3. Make a provision of 5% on debtors for doubtful debts.
  4. Carry forward ₹ 2,000 for unexpired insurance.
  5. Outstanding salary was ₹ 15,000.
Prepare Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year and Balance Sheet as at that date.
Aditya a retailer, has not maintained proper books of account but it has been possible to obtain the following details:
Calculate the net profit for this year and draft the Statement of Affairs at the end of the year after noting that:
  1. Shop Fittings are to be depreciated by ₹ 780.
  2. Aditya has drawn ₹ 100 per week for his own use.
  3. Included in the Trade Debtors is an irrecoverable balance of ₹ 270.
  4. Interest at 5% p.a. is due on the loan from Naresh but has not been paid for the year.
State three points of difference between Single Entry and Double Entry System. Difference between Double Entry System and Single Entry System?