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Human Health and Disease — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYHuman Health and Disease4 Marks
Question
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:

The given graphs show fluctuations in blood sugar of person X and Y during a 24 hour time period.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

  1. Which of the following holds true for person X?
  1. Person X is suffering from type I diabetes.
  2. Person X shows severe insulin deficiency and beta cell depletion.
  3. Person X is normal and shows good control of blood sugar level.
  4. Person X is subjected to excessive urination and abnormal thrust.
  1. The given graph indicates that person Y is suffering from.
  1. Diabetes
  2. Hypertension
  3. Atherosclerosis
  4. Rheumatic heart disease.
  1. Which of the following conditions are common in person Y?
  1. Excretion of glucose in urine and excessive urination.
  2. Polydipsia and mild beta cell depletion.
  3. Progressive erosion of articular cartilage at synovial joint.
  4. Both (a) and (b).
  1. A person suffering from diabetes mellitus becomes weak because.
  1. The cells are unable to utilise glucose and other carbohydrates for energy production.
  2. Degradation of fat increases production of toxic ketone bodies.
  3. Cells utilise proteins for obtaining energy
  4. All of these.
  1. Assertion: Type I diabetes involves failure of insulin to facilitate the movement of glucose into cells.

Reason: Type II diabetes is caused by failure of beta cells to produce adequate amount of insulin due to beta cell depletion.

  1. Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true, but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
✓

Answer

  1. (c) Person X is normal and shows good control of blood sugar level.

Explanation:

Blood sugar level fluctuations in person X indicate that sugar level never exceed the normal limit and sufficient secretion of insulin at required times removes any extra sugar from blood and converts it into glycogen for future use. This implies that person Xis normal and healthy.

  1. (a) Diabetes

Explanation:

Elevated blood sugar levels in person Y indicate that he is suffering from diabetes mellitus.

  1. (d) Both (a) and (b).
  2. (d) All of these.
  3. (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

Explanation:

Type I diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or juvenile diabetes is an autoimmune disorder caused by failure of beta cells to produce adequate amount of insulin. Type II diabetes or non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus involves failure of insulin to facilitate the movement of glucose into body cells.

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