Read the passage given in the box and answer the questions.
‘To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense’. Many nationalists thought that the struggleagainst the British could not be won through non-violence. In 1928, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi. Amongst its leaders were Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh. In a series of dramatic actions in different parts of India, the HSRA targeted some of the symbols of British power. In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly. In the same year there was an attempt to blow up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in. Bhagat Singh was 23 when he was tried and executed by the colonial government. During his trial, Bhagat Singh stated that he did not wish to glorify ‘the cult of the bomb and pistol’ but wanted a revolution in society: ‘Revolution is the inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is the imprescriptible birthright of all. The labourer is the real sustainer of society.… To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense, for no sacrifice is too great for so magnificent a cause. We are content. We await the advent of revolution'. 'Inquilab Zindabad!'

What was the philosophy behind the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA), founded in 1928?

Do you think sometimes violence is necessary to win the struggle and independence?

Q: Read the passage given in the box and answer the questions. ‘To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense’. Many nationalists thought that the struggleagainst the British could not be won through non-violence. In 1928, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi. Amongst its leaders were Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh. In a series of dramatic actions in different parts of India, the HSRA targeted some of the symbols of British power. In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly. In the same year there was an attempt to blow up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in. Bhagat Singh was 23 when he was tried and executed by the colonial government. During his trial, Bhagat Singh stated that he did not wish to glorify ‘the cult of the bomb and pistol’ but wanted a revolution in society: ‘Revolution is the inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is the imprescriptible birthright of all. The labourer is the real sustainer of society.… To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense, for no sacrifice is too great for so magnificent a cause. We are content. We await the advent of revolution'. 'Inquilab Zindabad!' 1. What was the philosophy behind the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA), founded in 1928? 2. Do you think sometimes violence is necessary to win the struggle and independence?

1. When the British government struck hardan arrested many of its prominent leaders an tried them in the majority conspiracy case in 1925, the Hindustan socialist Republican association was formed in 1928. The HSRA was responsible for a number of major revolutionary activities, including an attempt to blow up viceroy's Irwin's train near Delhi in 1929. Their single most important action was the throwing of bombs in the legislative assembly by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar on April 8,1929. 2. Yes, I feel sometimes violence is necessary to defeat the oppressive opponent. It is not necessary but sometimes justified. Ferocity is often regrettable, but not necessary an evil when you are fighting for the country’s dignity and Independence. If the intend behind the act is pious and good then violence can never be bad. However, violence must be tempered by righteous ideals, or it will run wild and hurt the innocent. In the old days, these ideals were known as ‘Chivalry’. C.S. Lewis defined Chivalry as ‘the only possible escape from the world divided between wolves who do not understand and make sheep who cannot defend, the things which make life desirable.’ Non-violence is admirable ideal in itself, but the price it demands is that you must either accept to be the prey of wolves, or be forced to rely on the hunter for defense.’ Violence is warranted in certain situations, when your life or the life of a loved one is in danger then you must do what is needed to protect yourself or others. And yes! I love my country.

Question

Read the passage given in the box and answer the questions.

‘To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense’. Many nationalists thought that the struggleagainst the British could not be won through non-violence. In 1928, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi. Amongst its leaders were Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh. In a series of dramatic actions in different parts of India, the HSRA targeted some of the symbols of British power. In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly. In the same year there was an attempt to blow up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in. Bhagat Singh was 23 when he was tried and executed by the colonial government. During his trial, Bhagat Singh stated that he did not wish to glorify ‘the cult of the bomb and pistol’ but wanted a revolution in society: ‘Revolution is the inalienable right of mankind. Freedom is the imprescriptible birthright of all. The labourer is the real sustainer of society.… To the altar of this revolution we have brought our youth as incense, for no sacrifice is too great for so magnificent a cause. We are content. We await the advent of revolution'. 'Inquilab Zindabad!'

What was the philosophy behind the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA), founded in 1928?
Do you think sometimes violence is necessary to win the struggle and independence?

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Solution

When the British government struck hardan arrested many of its prominent leaders an tried them in the majority conspiracy case in 1925, the Hindustan socialist Republican association was formed in 1928. The HSRA was responsible for a number of major revolutionary activities, including an attempt to blow up viceroy's Irwin's train near Delhi in 1929. Their single most important action was the throwing of bombs in the legislative assembly by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar on April 8,1929.
Yes, I feel sometimes violence is necessary to defeat the oppressive opponent. It is not necessary but sometimes justified. Ferocity is often regrettable, but not necessary an evil when you are fighting for the country’s dignity and Independence. If the intend behind the act is pious and good then violence can never be bad. However, violence must be tempered by righteous ideals, or it will run wild and hurt the innocent. In the old days, these ideals were known as ‘Chivalry’. C.S. Lewis defined Chivalry as ‘the only possible escape from the world divided between wolves who do not understand and make sheep who cannot defend, the things which make life desirable.’ Non-violence is admirable ideal in itself, but the price it demands is that you must either accept to be the prey of wolves, or be forced to rely on the hunter for defense.’ Violence is warranted in certain situations, when your life or the life of a loved one is in danger then you must do what is needed to protect yourself or others. And yes! I love my country.

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