Financial Market — Business Studies STD 12 Commerce — Question

Blue Birds Ltd. offers to its employees to issue shares at a price which is less than the market price.
Name and explain the type of incentive offered to the employees.

In 2015, Naveen left his luxurious life in Mumbai, where he worked as a manager for Blue Birds Ltd. He shifted to Begampur, Chhattisgarh to fulfil his grandmother’s dream of converting their 25-acre ancestral land into a fertile farm. For this he set out specific goals along with the activities to be performed to achieve the goals.
Every activity was a challenge since he was clueless about farming. He learnt every activity from filling the land to sowing the seeds. To aid farmers he launched his own company ‘Innovative Agriculture Solutions Pvt. Ltd.’.
It was difficult initially as no one trusted an urban youth telling farmers about farming. But when everything was discussed in detail the farmers started taking interest. He wanted to ensure that the future events meet effectively the best interests of the company. Through sales forecasting, he prepared an annual plan for production and sales.
He also found that the farmers grew only paddy, which was an activity of 3-4 months and the land remained idle for the rest 8-9 months of the year. He not only identified but evaluated various alternatives through which the farms could be utilised for the remaining months of the year. Through correct foresight and logical and systematic thinking based on analysis of all facts, all alternatives were examined and evaluated. He presented a plan to the farmers, where after harvesting paddy, vegetables could be grown.
The above case highlights the features of one of the functions of management. By quoting lines from the above identify and explain these features.

Arush joins as a sales manager of a company dealing in naturotherapy products. Being proficient in his work, he knew that without good planning he will not be able to organise, direct, control or perform any of the other managerial functions efficiently and effectively. Only on the basis of sales forecasting, he would assist in the preparation of the annual plans for its production and sales. Besides, he will have to prepare sales plans regularly on weekly, monthly, quarterly and half yearly basis. While preparing the sales forecasts, he undertakes intellectual thinking involving foresight, visualization and issued judgement rather than wishful thinking or guess work. Most importantly, all these planning activities will be meaningful only if they will coincide with the purpose fob which the business is being carried out.
In context of the above case, identify the various features of planning highlighted in the above paragraph by quoting lines from it.

Distinguish between 'Formal' and 'Informal' organisation.

Collect some newspaper cuttings of some consumer cases and the rulings given therein.

Discuss the role of intermediaries in the distribution of consumer non-durable products.

Explain the elements of directing function of management.

In order to streamline the selection procedure, so as to minimise the margin of errors, certain tests are carried out that attempt to measure the characteristics of individuals. Explain any four such tests.

Distinguish between convenience product and shopping product.

Write a short note on different types of employment tests.