Question
Suppose you are given a chance to repeat the alpha-particle scattering experiment using a thin sheet of solid hydrogen in place of the gold foil. (Hydrogen is a solid at temperatures below 14 K.) What results do you expect?
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Answer
In the alpha-particle scattering experiment, if a thin sheet of solid hydrogen is used in place of a gold foil, then the scattering angle would not be large enough. This is because the mass of hvdroqen ( $1.67 \times 10^{-27} \mathrm{~kg}$ ) is less than the mass of incident a-parttcles ( $6.64 \times 10^{-27} \mathrm{~kg}$ ). Thus, the mass of the scattering particle is more than the target nucleus (hydrogen). As a result, the Cl particles would not bounce back if solid hydrogen is used in the a-particle scattering experiment.
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