The e.m.f. of a cell is $E\, volts$ and internal resistance is $r$ $ohm$. The resistance in external circuit is also $r$ $ohm$. The p.d. across the cell will be
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(a) Since both the resistors are same, therefore potential difference $ = V + V = E$ $ \Rightarrow $ $V = \frac{E}{2}$
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