Loudness in $dB =10 \log _{10} \frac{I}{I_0}$
Let $L_1=10 \log _{10} \frac{l}{I_0}$
$L_2=10 \log _{10} \frac{4 I}{I_0}$
$L_2-L_1=10 \log _{10} 4$
$=20 \log _{10} 2$

| List $-I$ | List $-II$ |
| $(I)$ String $-1( \mu$ ) | $(P) 1$ |
| $(II)$ String $-2 (2 \mu)$ | $(Q)$ $1 / 2$ |
| $(III)$ String $-3 (3 \mu)$ | $(R)$ $1 / \sqrt{2}$ |
| $(IV)$ String $-4 (4 \mu)$ | $(S)$ $1 / \sqrt{3}$ |
| $(T)$ $3 / 16$ | |
| $(U)$ $1 / 16$ |
Column $A$ Column $B$
Pitch Waveform
Quality Frequency
Loudness Intensity