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Atoms — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsAtoms3 Marks
Question

The trajectories, traced by different α-particles, in Geiger-Marsden experiment were observed as shown in the figure.
  1. What names are given to the symbols ‘b’ and $'\theta'$ shown here?
  2. What can we say about the values of b for (i) $\theta=0^{\circ}$ (ii) $\theta=\text{P}$ radians?
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Answer

  1. The symbol ‘b’ represents impact parameter and $'\theta'$ represents the scattering angle.
  2. (i) When $\theta=0^{\circ},$ the impact parameter will be maximum and represent the atomic size.
  3. When $\theta=\pi$ radians, the impact parameter ‘b’ will be minimum and represent the nuclear size.

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