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Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsElectrostatic Potential and Capacitance3 Marks
Question
The two graphs are drawn below, show the variations of electrostatic potential (V) $\frac{1}{\text{r}}$ (r being the distance of field point from the point charge) for two point charges $q_1$ and $q_2.$​​​​​​​
  1. What are the signs of the two charges?
  2. Which of the two charges has the larger magnitude and why?
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✓

Answer

  1. The potential due to positive charge is positive and due to negative charge, it is negative, so, is $q_1$ positive and $q_2$​​​​​​​ is negative.
$\text{V}=\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{\text{q}}{\text{r}}$
  1. The graph between V and $\frac{1}{\text{r}}$ is a straight line passing through the origin with slope $\frac{\text{q}}{4\pi\varepsilon_0},$
As the magnitude of slope of the line due to charge $q_2$ is greater than that due to $q_1, q_2$ has larger magnitude.

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