What are the hydrolysis products of (i) sucrose, and (ii) lactose?
Exercise
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Both sucrose and lactose are disaccharides. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives one molecule each of glucose and fructose but lactose on hydrolysis gives one molecule each of glucose and galactose.
$\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\xrightarrow[]{\text{H}_3\text{O}^+}\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6\\\text{Sucrose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(+)-\text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(-)\text{fructose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $
$\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\xrightarrow[]{\text{H}_3\text{O}^+}\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6\\\text{Lactose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(+)-\text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(+)\text{Galactose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $
$\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\xrightarrow[]{\text{H}_3\text{O}^+}\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6\\\text{Sucrose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(+)-\text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(-)\text{fructose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $
$\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\xrightarrow[]{\text{H}_3\text{O}^+}\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6\\\text{Lactose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(+)-\text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{D}-(+)\text{Galactose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $
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