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Biodiversity and Conservation — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiodiversity and Conservation3 Marks
Question
  1. What are two types of desirable approaches to conserve biodiversity? Explain with examples bringing out the difference between two types.
  2. What is the association between the bumble bee and its favourite orchid Ophrys? How could extinction or change of one would affect the other?
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Answer

  1. Practices that help to protect rare, threatened species are as follows:
  • In-situ (onsite) conservation involves protection of species in their natural habitat. It involves biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, sacred groves, etc.
  • Ex-situ (offsite) conservation involves placing of threatened animals and plants in special care units for their protection Zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks serve this purpose.
  1. Commensalism because Ophrys employs sexual deceit to get pollinated by species of bee as petal of its flower bears resemblance to female of the bee in size, colour and marking and so, male bee is attracted to what it perceives as female; pseudocopulates with the flower and thus, pollinates it. If the female bee's colour patterns change even slightly due to any reason during evolution, pollination success will be reduced unless the orchid flowers co-evolves to maintain the resemblance of its petal to the female bee.

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