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Metals and Non-Metals — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceMetals and Non-Metals5 Marks
Question
What happens when an iron strip is put into separate beakers containing aqueous solutions of copper sulphate and zinc sulphate? Where is iron placed in the activity series with respect to copper and zinc? Describe the steps involved in the extraction of zinc from its sulphide and carbonate ores. Support your answer with balanced chemical equation for the chemical reactions involved in the process.
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Answer

When an iron strip is put into a beaker containing aqueous solution of copper sulphate, then displacement reaction takes place and the blue colour of the copper sulphate solution fades away. When an iron strip is put into a beaker containing aqueous solution of zinc sulphate, there does not take place any change. As per the above observations, iron is place above copper and below zinc in the activity series.

It is easier to obtain a metal from its oxide therefore, prior to reduction, metal sulphide and carbonates ore are converted into metal oxides. The sulphide ore is converted into oxide by heating strongly in presence of excess air. The process is known as roasting

$2\text{Zn S}_\text{(S)}+3\text{O}_{2\text{(g)}}\xrightarrow{\text{Heat}}2\text{ZnO}_{\text{(S)}}+2\text{SO}_{2(\text{g})}$

The carbonate ores are changed into oxides by heating strongly in limited air. The process is known as calcination.

$\text{Zn CO}_{3(\text{S})}\xrightarrow{\text{Heat}}\text{Zn}_{\text{(S)}}+\text{CO}_{2\text{(g)}}$

The zince oxide is then reduced by using reducing agent the like carbon

$\text{ZnO}_\text{(S)}+\text{C}_{\text{(S)}}\rightarrow \text{Zn}_\text{(S)}+\text{CO}_\text{(g)}$

The metal such obtained is not pure and is purified by electrolytic refining of the metal.

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