Artificial ecosystem : An ecosystem created by humans for commercial or other benefits is known as artificial ecosystem. These ecosystems are modified by humans to their advantage and can be terrestrial or adquatic.
Artificial ecosystem includes dams, gardens, parks which have been created by humans. Zoos, aquariums and botanical gardens are examples of artificial ecosystems that are maintained for the purpose of conserving biodiversity. Plants and animals are kept in well-protected areas similar to their natural habitat.
Agro-ecosystem : A gro-ecosystem is a temporary system created by man from which knowledge of the major natural ecosystems of the world and the components that shape them. It is prepared temporarily by the farmers for the attainment of crops, but it is complete in itself. Fertilizers, pesticides, chemicals etc. are used wildly in this system to get maximum production. In this way, human beings bring changes in the environment for their own benefit. In some cases the change is so great that they are called artificial ecosystem. Man-made terrestrial ecosystems include villages and cities, orchards and plantations, gardens and parks with plants and animals, etc. Similary, man-made aquatic ecosystem includes large dams, reservoirs, canals, ponds made for fisheries, etc. The ecological balance is regularly disturbed due to artificial ecosystems created by man. Man creates it to fulfill his needs. The most important ecosystem created by man is the agro-ecosystem itself. Man has converted forests and grasslands into agricultural land. Food, puses, oilseeds and fodder are especially produced from these agricultural areas. The study of the relationship between agricultural crops and the environment is called agro-ecological science.
The physical conditions of agro-stem depend of factors like atitude, climate etc. The physical shortfall is met by artificial irrigation and fertilisers. The type of crop depends on the climate, season and the preference of the farmer. Along with the main crop, weeds also grow in the agricultural system, but their numbers are legs compared to natural grassland. Consumers in agricultural land include earthworms nematodes, domesticated animals, pollinating animals and insects, insect rodents and many birds.
Agro-ecosystem and all human-made ecosystems are very simple and efficient. Unlike natural ecosystems there is no diversity in them. Due to low diversity, this system is not permanent, because if there is only one crop in the field, then it can suffer a lot due to flood, drought, disease, pest etc. Many adjustments and replacements are possible in a diversified system.