Question
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
✓
Answer
Oxidative phosphorylation is the synthesis of energy rich ATP molecules with the help of energy liberated during oxidation of reduced co-enzymes ( $\mathrm{NADH}, \mathrm{FADH}_2$ ) produced in respiration. The enzyme required for this synthesis is called ATP syntheses. It is considered to be the fifth complex of electron transport chain. ATP syntheses are located in FT or head piece of $\mathrm{F}_0-\mathrm{F}_1$ or elementary particles. The particles are present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. ATP syntheses becomes active in ATP formation only where there is a proton gradient having higher concentration of $\mathrm{H}^{+}$or protons on the $\mathrm{F}_0$ side as compared to Fx side (chemiosmotic hypothesis of Peter Mitchell). Increased proton concentration is produced in the outer chamber or outer surface of inner mitochondrial membrane by the pushing of proton with the help of energy liberated by passage of electrons from one carrier to another. Transport of the electrons from NADH over ETC helps in pushing three pairs of protons to the outer chamber while two pairs of protons are sent outwardly during electron flow from $\mathrm{FADH}_2$. The flow of protons through the Fo channel induces $\mathrm{F}_1$ particle to function as ATP-synthase. The energy of the proton gradient is used in attaching a phosphate radical to ADP by high energy bond. This produces ATP. Oxidation of one molecule of $\mathrm{NADH}_2$ produces 3 ATP molecules while a similar oxidation of $\mathrm{FADH}_2$ forms 2 ATP molecules.
Need a full question paper?
Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.
Explore more
Similar questions
Write a summary of the events taking place in the nephron.
Explain various steps involved in cellular respiration.
Proteins have primary structure. If you are given a method to know which amino acid is at either of the two termini (ends) of a protein, can you connect this information to purity or homogeneity of a protein?
Explain Rh-incompatibility in humans.
Describe the basic characteristics of a photosystem and explain how photosystem I differs from photosystem II.
Write the main characteristics of phylum Porifera. While classifying it, give an example of each category.
The diagram shows some of the structures present in an animal cell.
Which of these structures is responsible for
i. Manufacture of lipids and steroids
ii. Release of energy
iii. Manufacture of hormones and digestive enzymes
iv. Production of spindle fibres in cell division
v. Endo and exocytosis?
Which of these structures is responsible for
i. Manufacture of lipids and steroids
ii. Release of energy
iii. Manufacture of hormones and digestive enzymes
iv. Production of spindle fibres in cell division
v. Endo and exocytosis?
Where does Calvin cycle take place? Describe its three phases. (Draw the cycle also)OR
Where does Calvin cycle take place in chloroplasts? Describe the three phases of Calvin cycle.
Where does Calvin cycle take place in chloroplasts? Describe the three phases of Calvin cycle.
Take one flower each of the families-Fabaceae and Solanaceae and write its floral formulae. Also draw their floral diagram after studying them.
Describe in brief the structure of the cell of the brain.