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Coordination Compounds — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryCoordination Compounds3 Marks
Question
What is spectrochemical series? Explain the difference between a weak field ligand and a strong field ligand.
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Answer

According to the crystal field theory, the crystal field splitting, $\Delta_0$ , in octahedral complexes depends on the field generated by the charge located on the ligand and the metal ion. Some ligands produce strong field and in this case, the splitting is more, these are called strong field ligands. Other ligands produce weak fields due to which the splitting of d-orbitals is less, these are called weak field ligands.
Ligands are arranged in a series in order of their increasing field strength as follows:
$\begin{array}{l}\quad I ^{-}< Br ^{-}< SCN ^{-}< Cl ^{-}< S ^{2-}< F ^{-}< OH ^{-}< C2O_4^{2-} \\ < H _2 O < NCS ^{-}<\text {edta }^{4-}< NH _3<\text { en }< CN -< CO \end{array}$
This series is known as spectrochemical series and it is based on complexes formed with different ligands. On the basis of facts obtained from experimental measurements of absorption of light by complexes formed with different ligands.

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