What was the condition of agricultural sector at the time of Independence?
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The condition of agricultural sector at the time of Independence can be understood with the help of the following points:
- Low level of productivity: The productivity levels were very low, at about 660kg per hectare for wheat and 665kg per hectare for rice.
- High degree of vulnerability: Agriculture was greatly affected by erratic rainfall.
- Rift and turmoil between owners and tillers: The owners charged high rent from the tillers and demanded rent even when the crops failed. This demotivated the tillers, and agricultural productivity was negatively affected.
- Uneconomic and fragmented landholdings: The size of the landholdings was uneconomic and also the landholdings were scattered. This further affected the productivity of land adversely.
- Problem of unemployment and underemployment: The agricultural sector was plagued with the problem of unemployment and underemployment.
- Use of primitive techniques of production: The farmers used age old primitive techniques of production, which was a cause of low productivity.
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