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Respiration and Circulation — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYRespiration and Circulation4 Marks
Question
Why does our immune system fail against pathogens like Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium?
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Answer

$1.$ Microbes have evolved a diverse range of strategies to destroy the host immune system. The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium show similar such adaptations to disturb host defence mechanism.
$2.$ This parasite attacks host tissues including both peripheral and central lymphoid tissues.
$3.$ This causes systemic acute response in host body which the parasite tries to overcome. The parasite in fact weakens both innate and acquired immunity.
$4.$ It interferes with the antigen presenting function of dendritic cells via an action on hosts like lectin receptors. These receptors also induce suppression of $CD_4^+ \ T$ cells responses. Therefore, our immune system fail against such pathogens.

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