Question
Why nephridia in earthworm that is basically similar in structure is classified into three types? Mention the names of each.
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Answer
Nephridia are the main excretory organs in earthworms. They are associated with excretory and osmo regulatory functions. The nephridia occur in all segments of earthworm except the first two segments. The three types of nephridia are found in earthworm according to their location. They are distinguished on the basis of being enter one phric (nitrogen waste expelled input) and exonephric (nitrogen waste discharged outside directly). 
Septal Nephridia these are present on both sides of inter segmental septa of the segment starting from 15th to the last that open into intestine. They are enteronephric. Integumenatry Nephridia These is attached to lining of the body wall of segment 3 to the last that open on the body surface. They are exonephric. Pharyngeal Nephridia these are present as a three paired tufts in the 4th, 5th and 6thsegments. They are also enteronephric.
Septal Nephridia these are present on both sides of inter segmental septa of the segment starting from 15th to the last that open into intestine. They are enteronephric. Integumenatry Nephridia These is attached to lining of the body wall of segment 3 to the last that open on the body surface. They are exonephric. Pharyngeal Nephridia these are present as a three paired tufts in the 4th, 5th and 6thsegments. They are also enteronephric.Need a full question paper?
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