Question
Write a note on the diagonal relationship between $Be$ and $Al.$ What are the similarities between beryllium and aluminium?
✓
Answer
$i.$ Beryllium is placed in the group $2$ and period $2$ of the modem periodic table. It resembles aluminium which is placed in group $13$ and period $3.$
$ii.$ Due to nearly same charge to radius ratio of their ions, beryllium
$( \frac{2}{31} =0.065)$ and aluminium $\left(\frac{3}{53.55}=0.056\right)$ exhibit diagonal relationship.
$iii.$ Due to diagonal relationship, $Be$ and $Al$ show following similarities in their properties:
$a.$ Nature of bonding: Both $Be$ and $Al$ have tendency to form covalent chlorides.
$b.$ Lewis acids: $BeCl_2$ and $AlCl_3$ act as Lewis acids.
$c.$ Solubility in organic solvents: $BeCl_2$ and $AlCl_3$ are soluble in organic solvents.
$d.$ Nature of oxide: Both $Be$ and $Al$ form amphoteric oxides.
$ii.$ Due to nearly same charge to radius ratio of their ions, beryllium
$( \frac{2}{31} =0.065)$ and aluminium $\left(\frac{3}{53.55}=0.056\right)$ exhibit diagonal relationship.
$iii.$ Due to diagonal relationship, $Be$ and $Al$ show following similarities in their properties:
$a.$ Nature of bonding: Both $Be$ and $Al$ have tendency to form covalent chlorides.
$b.$ Lewis acids: $BeCl_2$ and $AlCl_3$ act as Lewis acids.
$c.$ Solubility in organic solvents: $BeCl_2$ and $AlCl_3$ are soluble in organic solvents.
$d.$ Nature of oxide: Both $Be$ and $Al$ form amphoteric oxides.
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