1. Write the process of decay. How can radioactive nuclei emit -p… - Vidyadip

Question

Write the process of $\beta$ decay. How can radioactive nuclei emit $\beta$-particles even though they do not contain them? Why do all electrons emitted during $\beta$-decay not have the same energy?
A heavy nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei. Which one of the two - parent nucleus or the daughter nuclei has more binding energy per nucleon?

✓

Answer

A nucleus, that spontaneously decays by emitting an electron, or a positron, is said to undergo $\beta$ decay

[Alternatively $ ^{A}_{Z}\text{X}\longrightarrow^{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }A}_{Z+1}\text{Y}+e^-+\bar{v}$
$ ^{A}_{Z}\text{X}\longrightarrow^{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }A}_{Z-1}\text{Y}+e^++v$ (antineutrino)
During β decay, nucleons undergo transformation. We can have:
${n}\text{ }{\longrightarrow}\text{ }{p}+e^-+{\bar{v}}$
$ \longrightarrow$ A neutron converts into a proton and an electron [Alternatively
${p}\longrightarrow{n}+e^++v$
[A proton converts into a neutron and a positron] It is because the neutrinos, or antineutrino, carry off different amounts of energy.

The daughter nuclei have more binding energy per nucleon.

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "3 Marks Question" from Nuclei→Nuclei — all question types→Physics STD 12 Science question papers→Rajasthan Board STD 12 Science question papers→Rajasthan Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

A hypothetical magnetic field existing in a region is given by $\overrightarrow{\text{B}}=\text{B}_0\overrightarrow{\text{e}}_\text{r},$ where $\overrightarrow{\text{e}}_\text{r}$ denotes the unit vector along the radial direction. A circular loop of radius a, carrying a current i, is placed with its plane parallel to the x-y plane and the centre at (0, 0, d). Find the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the loop.

In Fizeau method of measuring the speed of light, the toothed wheel is placed in the focal plane of a converging lens. How would the experiment be affected if the wheel is slightly away from the focal plane?

When can a charge act as a source of electromagnetic wave? How are the directions of electric and magnetic field vectors, in an electromagnetic wave related to each other and to the direction of propagation of the wave?
Which physical quantity, if any, has the same value for waves belonging to the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Consider the situation of the previous problem. Assume that the temperature of the water at the bottom of the lake remains constant at $4^\circ C$ as the ice forms on the surface $($the heat required to maintain the temperature of the bottom layer may come from the bed of the lake$).$ The depth of the lake is $1.0m.$ Show that the thickness of the ice formed attains a steady state maximum value. Find this value. The thermal conductivity of water $=0.50\text{Wm}^{-1}{^{\circ}}\text{C}^{-1}.$ Take other relevant data from the previous problem.

A uniform slab of dimension $10\ cm \times 10\ cm \times 1\ cm$ is kept between two heat reservoirs at temperatures $10^\circ C$ and $90^\circ C.$ The larger surface areas touch the reservoirs. The thermal conductivity of the material is $0.80\text{wm}^{-1}{^{\circ}}\text{C}^{-1}.$ Find the amount of heat flowing through the slab per minute.

A metallic rod of length ‘l’ is rotated with a frequency v with one end hinged at the centre and the other end at the circumference of a circular metallic ring of radius r, about an axis passing through the centre and perpendicular to the plane of the rinig. A constant uniform magnetic field B parallel to the axis is present every where. Using Lorentz force, explain how emf is induced between the centre and the metallic ring and hence obtain the expression for it.

An electric toaster uses nichrome for its heating element. When a negligibly small current passes through it, its resistance at room temperature $\left(27.0^{\circ} C \right)$ is found to be $75.3 \Omega$. When the toaster is connected to a $230 V$ supply, the current settles, after a few seconds, to a steady value of $2.68 A$. What is the steady temperature of the nichrome element? The temperature coefficient of resistance of nichrome averaged over the temperature range involved, is $1.70 \times 10^{-4}{ }^{\circ} C ^{-1}$.

State difference between the working and non-working current.

The potential difference across a resistor $‘r\ ’$ carrying current $‘I\ ’$ is $Ir.$

Now if the potential difference across $‘r\ ’$ is measured using a voltmeter of resistance $‘RV\ ’,$ show that the reading of voltmeter is less than the true value
Find the percentage error in measuring the potential difference by a voltmeter.
At what value of $RV,$ does the voltmeter measures the true potential difference?