Business Studies 1 Marks Question

Employees are motivated to improve their performance when the organization uses internal sources of recruitment as promotion at a higher level leads to a chain of promotions at the lower levels in the organisation.

Decoding means converting encoded symbols of the sender.

Supervision means overseeing the employees at work to ensure optimum utilization of resources and achievements of work targets.
Alternate Answer
Supervision means instructing, observing monitoring and guiding the efforts of the subordinates for the achievement of work targets in the desired manner.

Characteristics of ‘Organizational Climate’ that influence the behaviour of individuals are:

1. Individual autonomy.
2. Reward orientation.
3. Consideration to employees.
4. Risk taking.

Democratic style of leadership is one in which a leader takes decisions in consultation and participation with employees.

Motivation means including people to perform to their ability for achievement of organisational goals.

Communication is the process of exchange of ideas and information among people to create common understanding.

The supervisor is a link between workers and management because he conveys management ideas to the workers on one hand and workers problems to the management on the other.

Elements of directing are:

1. Supervision.
2. Motivation.
3. Leadership.
4. Communication.

Motivation means inspiring people to work to achieve pre-determined objectives.Alternet Answer
It involves arousing needs and desires in people to initiate and direct their behaviour in a purposive manner to achieve organisational goals.

Leadership is the process of guiding and influencing subordinates for the accomplishment of desired goals. It involves the integration of organizational interests with personal goals. A person can be an effective manager when he possesses the qualities of a good leader.
It is through leadership that a manager can build up confidence and zeal among his subordinates. In order to guide his subordinates in the desired direction, a manager should adopt an appropriate style of leadership. The pattern and quality of leadership determines the level of motivation. Leadership is always related to a particular situation.

Directing means instructing, guiding, counseling, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives.

Examples of ‘Employee Recognition Programmes are:

1. Congratulating the employees for good performance.
2. Displaying employees achievements on the notice board or company’s newsletter.
3. Awarding best performance.

Motivation means stimulating people to act in a desired manner to achieve certain organisational goals.

Encoding means converting the message into communication symbols such as words, pictures, gestures, etc.

Directing takes place at all every level/all levels of management.

Motivation is a complex process because needs and accordingly motivators that will satisfy those needs vary from person to person and from time to time.

Formal communication is the communication which flows through official channels designed in the organisation chart.

Directing initiates action: Directing is a key managerial function. A manager has to perform this function along with planning, organising, staffing and controlling while discharging his duties in the organisation. While other functions prepare a setting for action, directing initiates action in the organisation.

The supervisor is a link between workers and management because he conveys management ideas to the workers on one hand and workers problems to the management on the other.

Directing means instructing, guiding, supervising, motivating and leading the subordinates to contribute to the best of their capability for the achievement of organisational goals.Alternate Answer
Directing means execution of plans.
Alternate Answer
Directing means giving instructions and guiding subordinates for doing work.

Supervision means overseeing the employees at work. It implies instructing, observing, monitoring and guiding the subordinates at workplace.

Complex Organisation structures comprise of a long chain of command with several levels of authority. They act as a barrier to effective communication as information may get filtered, modified or lost at different levels while moving up or down.

Firstly, it can be understood as an element of directing. Secondly, as a function performed by supervisors in the organisational hierarchy.

Message is any information, fact, opinion or an idea intended to be conveyed.

Communication (according to Rogers).

It refers to that leadership style in which the leader gives his subordinates complete freedom to make decisions.

Premature evaluation and lack of attention.

To all the three levels.

Employee Recognition Programmes.

Co-partnership/ Stock option.

Congratulating the employee for good performance.

S. No.	Colum I	S. No.	Colum II
1.	Single strand network	(iii)	Sequential communication
2.	Gossip network	(i)	One person simultaneously communicates with all
3.	Probability network	(iv)	Random
4.	Cluster network	(iii)	Trust

Motives arise out of needs of employees.

Human factor.

Inattentive listener.

It refers to influencing others in such a manner to do what the leader wants them to do.

In the given situation what is wrong is that there is absence of free flow of communication. The manager must involve his subordinates in the decision making process and encourage them to actively give their feedback and suggestions.

Directing.

Inverted V communication network.

Through close eye and timely guidance of the employees.

Badly expressed message and faulty translations.

Affiliation Belongingness needs.

Formal communication and Informal communication.

Organisational policy and status.

Feedback is the response of the receiver to the message sent by the sender.

On education and training.

Badly expressed message.

Psychological, social and esteem needs.

Motivation is defined as inducing, inspiring and stimulating a person to perform with their best ability, to accomplish the goal. It depends upon satisfying needs of people. In the words of Farland, "motivation is the way in which urges, desires, aspirations or needs, direct control and explain the behaviour of human beings".