Physical Education 3 Marks Question

Paralympics were started due to the efforts of Dr Ludwig Guttmann. He was a neurologist who treated British war casualties during World War II. He founded the National Spinal Injuries Centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in England. Then in July 1948, Guttmann organised a sports competition for patients with spinal cord injuries which became immensely popular. This was the first event of this type after which the Paralympics were organised regularly every four years.

There are following types of dislocation
a. Dislocation of lower jaw
b. Dislocation of shoulder joint
c. Dislocation of hip joint: By putting maximum strength spontaneously may cause dislocation of hip joint. The end of the femur is displaced from the socket.
d. Dislocation of wrist: A sportsperson who participates in a sports or game in which he may fall, runs the risk of getting a dislocation

Talent Identification: Recognizing participants with the potential at an earlier age to become elite performers in the future. For the talent identification process Physiological, Physical Fitness, Psychological, and Technical Components are taken into consideration. For the identification, various methods such as drills, test batteries, electronic gadgets, parameters, standard norms, performance and other techniques are adopted.
Talent Development: Providing athletes with a suitable learning environment to accelerate or realize their potential. It is a complete systematic, scientific and long-term process.

In real life, the projectile motion find applications in sports. Playing basketball, football is examples of projectile motion in real life. While throwing a basketball into the basket, the player shoots the ball in such a way that the flight taken by the ball is in the form of a parabola.

The Paralympic Games is a periodic series of international multisport events involving athletes with a range of disabilities. These were held for the first time in 1960 in Rome. They are held following the respective summer and winter Olympic games. All Paralympic games are governed by the international Paralympic Committee. The Paralympic athletes compete in six different disability groups Amputee, cerebral palsy, visual impairment, spinal cord injuries, intellectual disability and 'Les autres' i.e. Dwarfism.
Beyond the athletic competition, the Paralympics serve as a catalyst for social change, advocating for the rights and inclusion of people with disabilities in all aspects of society.

One of the important objectives of sports medicine is preventing injuries. It also prevents other physical, mental, social and financial harm accompanying sports injuries. General techniques that can prevent sports injuries are
i. Warm-up and Cool-down A well structured warm-up and cool-down is necessary to increase blood and nutrient flow and concentration. Also it helps in relaxation, improved flexibility and recovery of muscles. Planning a Session Careful planning of training and rehabilitation sessions allows gradual specific adaptations. It reduces the damage to the tissues as a result of training.
ii. Using Protective Equipment The use of protective equipment like proper footwear, helmets, goggles, gum shield, shin pads and gloves prevents many sports injuries.