A fire hydrant delivers water of density $\rho $ at a volume rate $L$. The water travels vertically upward through the hydrant and then does $90^o$ turn to emerge horizontally at speed $V$. The pipe and nozzle have uniform cross-section throughout. The force exerted by the water on the corner of the hydrant is
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here volume rate $=\mathrm{L}$
net force $=\sqrt{2} \rho \mathrm{VL}$
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