A square shaped wire loop of mass $m$, resistance $R$ and side $a$ moving speed $v_{0}$, parallel to the $X$-axis, enters a region of uniform magnetic field $B$, which is perpendicular to the plane of the loop. The speed of the loop changes with distance $x(x < a)$ in the field, as
KVPY 2017, Advanced
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$(a)$ As wire loop enters the region of magnetic field, an emf is induced in the wire loop. The current of induced emf causes an opposing force on the wire loop.

This force is given by

$F=-BIa=-B\left(\frac{E}{R}\right) \cdot a$

$=-B\left(\frac{B a v}{R}\right) a=\frac{-B^{2} a^{2} v}{R}$

(Negative sign shows retarding force)

So, deacceleration $A$ of loop is

$A =\frac{F}{m}=\frac{-B^{2} a^{2} v}{m R}$

$\Rightarrow \quad \frac{d v}{d t} =\frac{-B^{2} a^{2}}{m R} v \Rightarrow \frac{d v}{d x} \cdot \frac{d x}{d t}=\frac{-B^{2} a^{2} v}{m R}$

$\Rightarrow v \frac{d v}{d x}=\frac{-B^{2} a^{2}}{m R} \cdot v$

$\Rightarrow d v=\frac{-B^{2} a^{2}}{m R} \cdot d x$

Integrating between limits, we have

$\int \limits_{v_{0}}^{v} d v=\int \limits_{0}^{x}-\frac{B^{2} a^{2}}{m R} \cdot d x$

$v-v_{0}=\frac{-B^{2} a^{2}}{m R} \cdot x$

So, velocity of loop at distance $x$ is

$\Rightarrow \quad v=v_{0}-\frac{B^{2} a^{2}}{m R} \cdot x$

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