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3.5 The Alchemy of Nature — My English Coursebook STD 10 — Question

Maharashtra BoardSemi English MediumSTD 10My English Coursebook3.5 The Alchemy of Nature10 Marks
Question
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
State whether the following statements are True or False:
(1) On the rocky beach the writer found rocks curved and sculpted by the water
(2) When we listen to the Nature, it leaves us in complete awe.
(3) We should not live our life to its fullest.
(4) The water was shaped by the rocks.

To see a world in a grain of sand
     And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand
      And eternity in an hour
    We instinctively turn to outdoor activities and nature as a way of relaxing and enhancing our wellbeing. Nature soothes and nurtures. Nature fulfils and motivates. Nature whispers and commands.
    Are you listening?
    When I do, it leaves me in complete awe.
    We have a hibiscus plant in our garden. Every fortnight a flower blooms on it big, bright and tender. Through the day it smiles with the sun and dances with the wind, but as evening approaches, it starts wilting. The morning after, it withers completely and by evening it falls and becomes one with the earth again. The flower comes to life only for a day, yet it does so in full splendour. What if we too lived our life, however short, to its fullest?
    We went to a rocky beach and saw the spread of the majestic ocean and the rocks alongside, carved, sculpted and shaped by the water. Water is so gentle, rock so hard, yet, as the water flows over it every day, for years, the rock gives in. It takes the shape that the water commands. Our problems are so colossal and we are so small, yet if we persist.... 

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences:
(1) _______________ smiles with the sun and dances with the wind.
(2) 'However short our life is _______________ is the lesson we learn from the hibiscus plant..
(3) The rock on the beach was _______________.
(4) The poet William Blake tells us to hold _______________ eternity in an hour.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find synonyms/one word from the text for the following words/phrases.
(1) a strong feeling of fear or respect
(2) to direct authoritatively
(3) large and impressively beautiful
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Use 'not only..... but also'.
(1) Outdoor activities enhance and relax our well- being.
(2) Nature whispers and commands.
A5. Personal Response:
(1) The rock is hard, but is it dominating? Give reason for your answer.
✓

Answer

A1. Simple Factual Activities:
(1) True
(2) True
(3) False
(4) False
A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) Hibiscus flower smiles with the sun and dances with the wind.
(2) 'However short our life is we should live to its fullest' is the lesson we learn from the hibiscus plant..
(3) The rock on the beach was curved, sculpted and shaped.
(4) The poet William Blake tells us to hold infinity in the palm of our hand and eternity in an hour.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
(1) awe
(2) command
(3) majestic
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) Outdoor activities not only enhance but also relax our well-being.
(2) Nature not only whispers but also commands.
A5. Personal Response:
(1) Even though the rock is hard, it is not dominating. I think water is stronger than rocks. It wears down the hard rock by its gentle patience, persistence and perseverance. Rock takes the shape that water commands. It shows that it is not dominating like water whereas it is ready to accept any change.

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Similar questions

A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences:
(1) Even though we have made progress in the last couple of decades, we are facing _______________ .
(2) _______________ gives a sense of global citizenship among the youth.

     We have made progress in the last couple of decades. We have reduced the number of out-ofschool children by half. We have reduced the number of child labourers by a third. We have reduced child mortality and malnutrition, and we have prevented millions of child deaths.
     But, let us make no mistake, great challenges still remain.
     Friends! The biggest challenge or biggest crisis knocking on the doors of humankind is fear and intolerance.
     We have utterly failed our children in imparting an education. An education that gives the meaning and objective of life. An education that gives a sense of global citizenship among the youth.
     I am afraid that the day is not very far away when the cumulative result of this failure, will culminate in an unprecedented violence, and that will be suicidal for humankind.
     Rights, security, hope can only be restored through education.
     Young people like Malala ... I’ve started calling her my daughter Malala not just Malala ... So my daughter Malala and other daughters including Kayanat.. in fact.. two Kayanats, and Shazia, and the daughters from Africa, and from all over the world. They are rising up and choosing peace over violence, tolerance over extremism, and courage over fear.
     The solutions are emerging. But these solutions cannot be found in the deliberations in conferences alone, and cannot be found in prescriptions from a distance.
     They lie in small groups and local organisations and individuals, who are confronting with the problem every day. Even if they remain unacknowledged, unrecognised and unknown to the world the solution are with them.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) What are the children's issues highlighted by Kailash Satyarthi in this passage? 
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Choose the correct option and write in front of the given word:
(1) culminate : _______________
(A) destroy (B) succeed (C) rise to a peak
(2) crisis:  _______________
(A) unstable situation(B) problems (C) difficulty
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Complete the following sentences with the help of the sentence given below:
The biggest challenge knocking on the doors of humankind is fear and intolerance.
(1) No other challenge knocking _______________ is as big as _______________.
(2) Fear and intolerance are bigger than  ______________________________.
A5. Personal Response:
(1) What efforts will you take to enrol the out-of-school out-of children? 
→
A1. Simple Factual Activity:
(1) He was bestowed with numerous honorary doctorates and awards.
(2) Dr Hawking's 'A Brief History of Time' is one of the best selling books of our time.

    Though confined to a wheel chair with no control over his body save a finger and with
a computer to help him express his thoughts. Dr Hawking is an authority on profound subjects of science. Numerous honorary doctorates and awards have been bestowed
on him. He is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.
     In spite of being considered Einstein’s equal in intelligence, Dr Hawking is a very humble man. A simple, down to earth man, he has authored many books dealing with his awesome ideas keeping a layman in mind. His writing is full of wit and humour. His style is so lucid that non-scientists can also understand him. His book, “A Brief History of Time” is one of the best selling books of our times.
     On being asked, how he feels about having the dreadful ALS, Dr Hawking, the quintessence of optimism and hope, says, “Not very different from the rest. I try and lead as normal a life as possible, and not think about my condition or regret the things it prevents me from doing, which are not many.”
      Dr Hawking firmly believes that in the next millenium, science will discover the core secrets of the universe, its origin, its history and maybe even predict its ultimate demise.
      Like Dr Hawking, there are many people who display exemplary courage in their lives. Let us salute all those brave people, who in spite of being disabled strive to do their best.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
(1) Which of Dr Hawking's achievements are mentioned in this passage? 
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Write the adjectives for the following nouns from the passage:
(1) ideas
(2) style
(3) courage
(4) secrets.
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Do as directed:
(1) His writing is full of wit and humour.
(Rewrite the sentence using Past Perfect Tense.)
(2) He is a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.(Use not only but also.)
A5. Personal Response:
(1) How do you know that Dr Hawking is a perfect example of optimism and hope?  
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A1. Simple Factual Activity:
State whether the following statements are True or False:
(1) R. K. Narayan's 'Swami and Friends' is a good read for the kids and teens alike.
(2) Mischievous kids are not as sensitive as other people.

     Significance of the book...
    ‘Swami and Friends’ by R. K. Narayan is not merely an interesting read that could be enjoyed from top to bottom, but the work attributes a lot of literary values even if it is a teen book ‘Swami and Friends’ is a good read for the kids and teens alike. Also the book is widely used in the Asian continent as a study text for the students who study literature as a subject at schools. This does not mean that the book is filled with heavy grammar and technical jargon. Actually the truth is in contrary to this.
     Swami and Friends is written in such simple English it is hard to imagine that it is a work of such a literary genius like R. K. Narayan. The English used in the book is both plain and simple, without any troubling words for the kids. Also the use of simple and short sentences adds to the simplicity of the book.
      It is mentioned in the description that the book is about a mischievous ten year old Indian boy, and some parents may be concerned about the influence this will have on their already mischievous children. But the book is as such, that it encompasses the
mischief of the kids in a view of the kid which is harmless and pure in his perspective. Also amidst all the mischief and naughtiness, we actually find that Swami is a loving and a tender kid who's actually very sensitive. It is also a known fact that mischievous
kids are the most sensitive and loving people of all. And R. K. Narayan does a great job conveying that to all of us.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Complete the following web:
Image
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find the following from the passage:
(i) Noun forms of : conclude, rule
(ii) Verb forms of : improvement, inclusion
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Do as directed:
(1) The author is one of the greatest authors of all the time.
(Change the sentence into positive degree.)
(2) R. K. Narayan is responsible for many of the outstanding literary works.
(Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined as answer.)
A5. Personal Response:
(1) What difference do you find between the children of Swami's days and today's children?
→
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Name the following: 
(1) The warrior mentioned in the passage -
(2) Native place of Mary Kom -
(3) Mary Kom's parents -
(4) The sportsperson who won gold medal in Asian games-

   There had to be one successful story if Indians were to survive in sports and we have that story now. Enough has been said about this great warrior who conquered the world. This warrior is none other than Mary Mangte Kom-the Komqueror and the Komrade. She is famed as a five times World Boxing Champion and the only boxer to win a medal in every one of the six world championships. In the 2012 Olympics, she became the first Indian woman boxer to qualify and win a bronze medal in the 51
kg flyweight category of Boxing.
     Kom was born in Kangthei village, Moirang Lamkhai in Churachandpur district of rural Manipur in eastern India. She came from a poor family. Her parents, Mangte Tonpa Kom and Mangte Akham Kom were tenant farmers who worked in jhum fields.
Kom grew up in humble surroundings, helping her parents with farm related chores, going to school and learning athletics initially and later boxing simultaneously. Her father was a keen wrestler in his younger age.
     She had an eager interest in athletics since childhood and the success of Dingko Singh a fellow Manipuri returned from the 1998 Bangkok Asian games with a gold medal, Kom recollects, had inspired many youngsters in Manipur to try boxing
and she too thought of giving it a try.
     Mary Kom’s career started in 2000 after her victory in the Manipur State women’s boxing championship and the regional championship in West Bengal. In 2001, she started competing at international level. She was only 18 years old when she made her international debut at the first AIBA Women’s World Boxing Championship in United States, winning a silver medal in the 48 kg weight category. Her greatness is reinforced by the way she apoligized to the whole nation for not being able to win the Gold. She is a legend for sure and an idol for all the sportswomen to look up to.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) Mary Kom's exceptional achievement is that _______________.
(2) Mary Kom's parents made their living by _______________.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Fill in the blanks by selecting words or phrases from the passage :
(1) My younger sister has so much _______________ in dancing and singing.
(2) Tanaji Malusare was a great _______________ in history.
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Do as directed: 
(1) Mary Kom was a warrior. She was a boxer. (Use 'as well as')
(2) Her father was a keen wrestler in his younger age. (Pick out and rewrite two adjectives from the given sentence.)
A5. Personal Response:
(1) Describe your favourite sportswoman.
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A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Make a list of the problems that we are facing and creating violence against children -

     I call upon all the governments, intergovernmental agencies, businesses, faith leaders, workers, teachers and NGOs, and each one of us, to put an end to all forms of violence against children. Slavery, trafficking, child marriages, child labour, sexual abuse, and illiteracy these things have no place in any civilised society.
     Friends, we can do this. Governments must make child - friendly policies, and invest in education and young people. Businesses must be more responsible, accountable and open to innovative partnerships.Intergovernmental agencies must work together to accelerate action. Global civil society must rise above the business-as-usual and fragmented agendas. Faith leaders and institutions, and all of us must stand with our children.
     We must be bold, we must be ambitious, and we must have the will. We must keep our promises. Over fifty years ago, on the first day of my school, I met a cobbler boy, my age sitting outside the gate of my school. I asked my teachers: “Why is he working outside? Why is he not with us in the school?” My teachers had no answer. One day, I
gathered the courage to ask the boys’ father. He said: “Sir, I have never thought about it. We are born to work.”
     His answer made me angry. It still makes me angry.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences :
(1) Government should make _______________.
(2) _______________ and _______________ must stand with our children.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find out the describing words used for the following noun and make your own sentences by using any combination:
(1) _______________ agencies
(2) _______________ partnership
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Rewrite as indirect speech:
(1) I asked my teachers, "Why is he working outside? Why is he not with us in the school?"
(2) The boy's father said to the writer, "I have never thought about it. We are born to work."
A5. Personal Response:
(1) Why should the government invest in education and young people?
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A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Read the passage and fill in the blanks:
(i) Meena was a chronic _______________.
(ii) _______________ changed Meena's life.
(iii) The begger lived with his _______________ daughter.
(iv) The beggars were playing on the road because _______________.

     ‘Yes, a beggar,’ she repeated, as if to reassure me. ‘He was old and used to stay in front of my house with his five-year old granddaughter. As you know, I was a chronic pessimist. I used to give my leftovers to this beggar every day. I never spoke to him. Nor did he speak to me. One monsoon day, I looked out of my bedroom window and started cursing the rain. I don’t know why I did that because I wasn’t even getting wet. That day I couldn’t give the beggar and his granddaughter their daily quota of leftovers. They went hungry, I am sure.
     ‘However, what I saw from my window surprised me. The beggar and the young girl were playing on the road because there was no traffic. They were laughing, clapping and screaming joyously, as if they were in paradise. Hunger and rain did not matter.They were totally drenched and totally happy. I envied their zest for life.
     ‘That scene forced me to look at my own life. I realized I had so many comforts, none of which they had. But they had the most important of all assets, one which I lacked. They knew how to be happy with life as it was. I felt ashamed of myself. I even started to make a list of what I had and what I did not have. I found I had more to be grateful for than most people could imagine. That day, I decided to change my attitude towards life, using the beggar as my role model.’
      After a long pause, I asked Meena how long it had taken her to change.
     ‘Once this realization dawned’, she said, ‘it took me almost two years to put the change into effect. Now nothing matters. I am always happy. I find happiness in every small thing, in every situation and in every person.’
     ‘Did you give any gurudakshina to your guru ?’ I asked.
     ‘No. Unfortunately, by the time I understood things, he was dead. But I sponsored his granddaughter to a boarding school as a mark of respect to him.’

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) How did the beggar change Meena's attitude towards life? Write it down in 5 to 6 lines. 
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find synonyms for the following words from the passage:
(a) heaven
(b) happily
(c) rainy
(d) very surprised
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Do as directed:
(1) They were laughing and screaming.
(Choose the correct option of 'Not only...... but also'.)
(a) They were not only but also laughing and screaming.
(b) They were not only laughing but also screaming.
(c) They were laughing not only but also screaming.
(d) They were not only laughing and but also screaming.
(2) He used to stay in front of my house.
(Rewrite the sentence by using 'would'.)
A5. Personal Response:
(1) Describe an experience, where somebody has changed your way of looking at life.
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A1. Simple Factual Activity:
Complete the following sentences using information in the passage:
(1) The young seagull commended _______________.
(2) He completely forgot that _______________.

    Then he completely forgot that he had not always been able to fly, and commended himself to dive and soar and curve, shrieking shrilly.
    He was near the sea now, flying straight over it, facing straight out over the ocean. He saw a vast green sea beneath him, with little ridges moving over it and he turned his beak sideways and cawed amusedly.
    His parents and his brothers and sister had landed on this green flooring ahead of him. They were beckoning to him, calling shrilly. He dropped his legs to stand on the green sea. His legs sank into it. He screamed with fright and attempted to rise again flapping his wings. But he was tired and weak with hunger and he could not rise, exhausted by the strange exercise. His feet sank into the green sea, and then his belly touched it and he sank no farther. He was floating on it, and around him his family was screaming, praising him and their beaks were offering him scraps of dog-fish. He had made his first flight.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Complete the web :
Image
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
(commended, attempted, exhausted, soared)
(1) The rocket _______________ up into space.
(2) Our achievements in Science Exhibition was highly _______________ by our Principal.
(3) He was totally _______________ after the day's tedious work.
(4) The thief _______________ to give the slip, but was caught by the police.
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Do as directed:
(1) He was near the sea now. (Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined as an answer.)
(2) He could not rise. (Add a question tag.)
A5. Personal Response:
(1) How does your family help you to achieve your goal?
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A1. Simple Factual Activities:
State whether you agree or disagree with the following statements:

 Group 'A' Group 'B'
 (1) A small, skinny child labourer (a) to care for our children
 (2) A Sudanese child- soldier (b) children's frightened and exhausted eyes
 (3) Satyarthi had looked into  (c) was forced to kill his friends and family
 (4) The great religions teach us (d) The world forced me to take a gun or a tool

    I have come here only to share the voices and dreams of our children - because they are all our children - [gesture to everyone in the audience]. I have looked into their frightened and exhausted eyes. I have held their injured bodies and felt their broken spirits.
    Twenty years ago, in the foothills of the Himalayas, I met a small, skinny child labourer. He asked me: “Is the world so poor that it cannot give me a toy and a book, instead of forcing me to take a gun or a tool?”
    I met with a Sudanese child-soldier. He was kidnapped by an extremist militia. As his first training lesson, he was forced to kill his friends and family. He asked me: “What is my fault?”
    Friends, all the great religions teach us to care for our children. Jesus said: “Let the children come to me; do not hinder them, for the kingdom of God belongs to them.” The Holy Quran says: “Kill not your children because of poverty.”
    Friends! There is no greater violence than to deny the dreams of our children. Therefore ... I refuse to accept that all the temples and mosques and churches and prayer houses have no place for the dreams of our children.
    I refuse to accept that the world is so poor, when just one week of global military expenditure can bring all the children to classrooms. I refuse to accept that all the laws and constitutions, police and judges are unable to protect our children.
    I refuse to accept that the shackles of slavery can ever be stronger than the quest for freedom. I REFUSE TO ACCEPT here.
    My only aim in life is that every child is free to be a child,
- free to grow and develop,
- free to eat, sleep, and see daylight,
- free to laugh and cry,
- free to play and learn,
- free to go to school, and above all,
- free to dream.
    I have the privilege of working with many courageous people who have the same aim. We have never given up against any threat or attack and we never will.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
Complete the following diagram/chart :
Image
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Choose the correct option and write in front of the given word :
(1) extremist: _______________
(A) militant (B) robber (C) spy
(2) courageous: _______________
(A) cowards (B) brave (C) friendly
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Rewrite the following into indirect speech:
(1) A skinny child labourer asked Satyarthi, "Is the world so poor that it cannot give me a toy and a book, instead of forcing me to take a gun or a tool?" 
A5. Personal Response:
What will you do in the following situations?
(1) If you find a child working on a brickwork site.
(2) If you come across a beggar child.

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A1. Simple Factual Activity:
Who am I? (Identify the character)
(1) I am the washerman's son. - _______________
(2) I am the sweeper. - _______________

    Nathu grumbled to himself as he swept the steps of the Pipalnagar Bank, owned by Seth Govind Ram. He used the small broom hurriedly and carelessly, and the dust, after rising in a cloud above his head settled down again on the steps. As Nathu was
banging his pan against a dustbin, Sitaram, the washerman’s son, passed by.
    Sitaram was on his delivery round. He had a bundle of freshly pressed clothes balanced on his head.
    ‘Don’t raise such dust!’ he called out to Nathu. ‘Are you annoyed because they are still refusing to pay you an extra two rupees a month?’
    ‘I don’t wish to talk about it,’ complained the sweeper-boy. ‘I haven’t even received my regular pay. And this is the twentieth of the month. Who would think a bank would hold up a poor man’s salary? As soon as I get my money, I’m off! Not another week I work in this place.’ And Nathu banged the pan against the dustbin several times, just
to emphasize his point and giving himself confidence.
    ‘Well, I wish you luck,’ said Sitaram. ‘I’ll keep a lookout for any jobs that might suit you.’ And he plodded barefoot along the road, the big bundle ofclothes hiding most of his head and shoulders.
     At the fourth home he visited, Sitaram heard the lady of the house mention that she was in need of a sweeper. Tying his bundle together, he said; ‘I know of a sweeper boy who’s looking for work. He can start from next month. He’s with the bank just now but they aren’t giving him his pay, and he wants to leave.’
    ‘Is that so?’ said Mrs. Srivastava. ‘Well, tell him to come and see me tomorrow.’ 

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Arrange the following sentences as per their sequence occurred in the passage:
(1) Nathu complained about his irregular pay.
(2) Nathu used the small broom hurriedly.
(3) Sitaram called out to Nathu.
(4) Nathu grumbled as he swept the steps of the bank.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Cross out the odd man:
(1) sweeper, hooligan, beggar, declare, locker
(2) hurriedly, carelessly, salary, definitely, suddenly
(3) imminent, latest, pavement, awful, shocking
(4) morning, scattering, raising, collecting, shouting
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) He called out to Nathu. (Rewrite the sentence in Past Continuous Tense.)
(2) Mrs Srivastava said, "Tell him to come and see me tomorrow." (Change into indirect speech.)
A5. Personal Response:
(1) What qualities do you find in Sitaram?
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A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Answer in few words:
(1) The age in which we live -
(2) The serious disconnect of the world -
(3) We can unite the world through -
(4) Children are questioning and watching our-

     We can do it ...
     You may ask that - what can one person do? I would recall a story of my childhood: A heavy fire had broken out in the forest. All the animals were running away, including lion, the king of the forest. Suddenly, then he saw a tiny bird rushing towards the fire. He asked the bird, “What are you doing?” To the lion’s surprise, the bird replied “I am going to extinguish the fire.” The lion laughed and said, “How can you do it keeping just one drop of water, in your beak?” The bird was adamant, and she said, “I am doing my bit.”
     Eighteen years ago, millions of individuals marched across the globe. And demanded a new international law for the abolition of worst form of child labour, and it has happened, we did it, millions of individuals did it.
     Friends! We live in an age of rapid globalisation. We are connected through high-speed Internet. We exchange our goods and services in one single global market. Thousands of flights every day connect us from one corner to another corner of the globe. But there is one serious disconnect and there is a lack of compassion. Let us inculcate and transform these individuals’ compassion into a global compassion.
Let us globalise compassion.
     Mahatma Gandhi said, “If we are to teach real peace in this world... we shall have to begin with the children.” I humbly add, let us unite the world through the compassion for our children.
     I ask - Whose children are they who stitch footballs, yet never played with one?
     Whose children are they who harvest cocoa, yet have never tasted chocolate?
     Whose children are they who are dying of Ebola?
     Whose children are they who are kidnapped and held hostage?
     They are all our children.
     I remember an eight-year-old girl we rescued from intergenerational forced labour from stone quarries. When she was sitting in my car right after her rescue, she asked me: “Why did you not come earlier?”
     Her angry question still shakes me – and has the power to shake the whole world. Her question is for all of us. What are we doing? What are we waiting for? How many girls will we allow to go without rescue?
     Children are questioning our inaction and watching our actions. We need collective actions with a sense of urgency.
     Every single minute matters, every single child matters, every single childhood matters.
     Therefore, I challenge the passivity and pessimism surrounding our children. I challenge this culture of silence and this culture of passivity, this culture of neutrality.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
Complete the following web:
Image

A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find out the describing words used for the following nouns and make your own sentence by using any one combination:
(1) _______________ globalisation
(2) _______________ compassion
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Change these sentences into indirect speech:
(1) The lion asked the bird, "What are you doing?"
(2) The bird said to the lion, "I am going to extinguish the fire."
A5. Personal Response:
(1) What will you do for our country?
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