Answer the following by appropriately matching the lists based on the information given in the paragraph.

In a thermodynamics process on an ideal monatomic gas, the infinitesimal heat absorbed by the gas is given by $T \Delta X$, where $T$ is temperature of the system and $\Delta X$ is the infinitesimal change in a thermodynamic quantity $X$ of the system. For a mole of monatomic ideal gas

$X=\frac{3}{2} R \ln \left(\frac{T}{T_A}\right)+R \ln \left(\frac{V}{V_A}\right)$. Here, $R$ is gas constant, $V$ is volume of gas, $T_A$ and $V_A$ are constants.

The $List-I$ below gives some quantities involved in a process and $List-II$ gives some possible values of these quantities.

List-$I$ List-$II$

$(I)$ Work done by the system in process $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$ $(P)$ $\frac{1}{3} R T_0 \ln 2$

$(II)$ Change in internal energy in process $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$ $(Q)$ $\frac{1}{3} RT _0$

$(III)$ Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$ $(R)$ $R T _0$

$(IV)$ Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \rightarrow 2$ $(S)$ $\frac{4}{3} RT _0$

$(T)$ $\frac{1}{3} RT _0(3+\ln 2)$

$(U)$ $\frac{5}{6} RT _0$

If the process carried out on one mole of monatomic ideal gas is as shown in figure in the PV-diagram with $P _0 V _0=\frac{1}{3} RT _0$, the correct match is,

$(1)$$I \rightarrow Q, II \rightarrow R , III \rightarrow P , IV \rightarrow U$

$(2)$ $I \rightarrow S , II \rightarrow R , III \rightarrow Q , IV \rightarrow T$

$(3)$ $I \rightarrow Q , II \rightarrow R , III \rightarrow S , IV \rightarrow U$

$(4)$ $I \rightarrow Q , II \rightarrow S , III \rightarrow R , IV \rightarrow U$

($2$) If the process on one mole of monatomic ideal gas is an shown is as shown in the $TV$-diagram with $P _0 V _0=\frac{1}{3} RT _0$, the correct match is

$(1)$ $I \rightarrow S, II \rightarrow T, III \rightarrow Q , IV \rightarrow U$

$(2)$ $I \rightarrow P , II \rightarrow R, III \rightarrow T , IV \rightarrow S$

$(3)$ $I \rightarrow P, II \rightarrow, III \rightarrow Q, IV \rightarrow T$

$(4)$ $I \rightarrow P, II \rightarrow R, III \rightarrow T, IV \rightarrow P$

Give the answer or quetion $(1)$ and $(2)$

Question

Answer the following by appropriately matching the lists based on the information given in the paragraph.

In a thermodynamics process on an ideal monatomic gas, the infinitesimal heat absorbed by the gas is given by $T \Delta X$, where $T$ is temperature of the system and $\Delta X$ is the infinitesimal change in a thermodynamic quantity $X$ of the system. For a mole of monatomic ideal gas

$X=\frac{3}{2} R \ln \left(\frac{T}{T_A}\right)+R \ln \left(\frac{V}{V_A}\right)$. Here, $R$ is gas constant, $V$ is volume of gas, $T_A$ and $V_A$ are constants.

The $List-I$ below gives some quantities involved in a process and $List-II$ gives some possible values of these quantities.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(I)$ Work done by the system in process $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$	$(P)$ $\frac{1}{3} R T_0 \ln 2$
$(II)$ Change in internal energy in process $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$	$(Q)$ $\frac{1}{3} RT _0$
$(III)$ Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$	$(R)$ $R T _0$
$(IV)$ Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \rightarrow 2$	$(S)$ $\frac{4}{3} RT _0$
	$(T)$ $\frac{1}{3} RT _0(3+\ln 2)$
	$(U)$ $\frac{5}{6} RT _0$

If the process carried out on one mole of monatomic ideal gas is as shown in figure in the PV-diagram with $P _0 V _0=\frac{1}{3} RT _0$, the correct match is,

$(1)$$I \rightarrow Q, II \rightarrow R , III \rightarrow P , IV \rightarrow U$

$(2)$ $I \rightarrow S , II \rightarrow R , III \rightarrow Q , IV \rightarrow T$

$(3)$ $I \rightarrow Q , II \rightarrow R , III \rightarrow S , IV \rightarrow U$

$(4)$ $I \rightarrow Q , II \rightarrow S , III \rightarrow R , IV \rightarrow U$

($2$) If the process on one mole of monatomic ideal gas is an shown is as shown in the $TV$-diagram with $P _0 V _0=\frac{1}{3} RT _0$, the correct match is

$(1)$ $I \rightarrow S, II \rightarrow T, III \rightarrow Q , IV \rightarrow U$

$(2)$ $I \rightarrow P , II \rightarrow R, III \rightarrow T , IV \rightarrow S$

$(3)$ $I \rightarrow P, II \rightarrow, III \rightarrow Q, IV \rightarrow T$

$(4)$ $I \rightarrow P, II \rightarrow R, III \rightarrow T, IV \rightarrow P$

Give the answer or quetion $(1)$ and $(2)$

A$3,4$
B$2,4$
C$1,4$
D$2,3$

IIT 2019, Advanced

Solution

A$3,4$

a
$(I)$ Degree of freedom $f=3$

Work done in any proces $5$ Area under P-V graph $\Rightarrow$ Work dooe in $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3= P _1 V$,

$=\frac{ RI _0}{3} \Rightarrow(Q)$

$(II)$ Change in intemal energy $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$

$\Delta U =\Delta C \Delta T$

$=\frac{f}{2} n R A T$

$=\frac{f}{2}\left(P_t V_t-P_2 V_i\right)$

$=\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{3 P_0}{2} 2 V _4- P _0 V _0\right)$

$=3 P _0 V _0$

$\Delta U = RT _{ b } \Rightarrow( R )$

$(III)$ Heat absorbed in $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$

for any process, $I^4$ law of thermodymmics

$\Delta Q =\Delta W +\infty$

$\Delta Q = RT _4+\frac{R T_3}{3}$

$\Delta Q =\frac{4 RT }{3} \Rightarrow( s )$

$(IV)$ Heat absorbed in process $1 \rightarrow 2$

$\Delta Q=\Delta U+W$

$=\frac{f}{2}\left(P_t V_f-P_V V_0\right)+W$

$=\frac{3}{2}\left(P_a 2 V_0-P_0 V_0\right)+P_a V_0$

$=\frac{5}{2} P_0 V_a$

$=\frac{5}{2}\left(\frac{R I_0}{3}\right)$

$\Delta Q-\frac{5 R I_0}{6} \Rightarrow(U)$

($2$) Process $1 \rightarrow 2$ is isothermal (temmerature constaut)

Process $2 \rightarrow 3$ is isochoric (volme constant)

$(I)$ Work done in $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$

$W = W _{1 \rightarrow 2}+ W _{2 \rightarrow 1}$

$=n R T \ln \left(\frac{V_t}{V_i}\right)+ W _{2 \rightarrow 1}$

$=\frac{R I_0}{3} \ln \left(\frac{2 V_4}{V_0}\right)+0$

$W =\frac{R T_1}{3} \ln 2 \Rightarrow \text { (P) }$

$\text { (II) } \Delta U \text { in } 1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$

$\Delta U=\frac{f}{2} n R\left(T_4-T_i\right)$

$=\frac{3}{2} R\left( T _0-\frac{T_4}{5}\right)$

$=\frac{3}{2} R\left(\frac{2 T_0}{3}\right)$

$\Delta U=R_0 \quad(R)$

$(III)$ For any system first law of thermodynamics for $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3$

$\Delta Q=\Delta U+W$

$\Delta Q=R T_0+\frac{R T_1}{3} \ln 2$

$\Delta Q=\frac{R I_0}{3}(3+\ln 2) \Rightarrow \text { (T) }$

$(IV)$ For process $1 \rightarrow 2$ (isothermal)

$\Delta Q =\Delta U + W$

$=\frac{ f }{2} RR \left( I _e- T _{ i }\right)+ RRT \ln \left( V _e / V _{ i }\right)$

$=0+ R \left(\frac{ T _{ e }}{3}\right) \ln \left(\frac{2 v _{ e }}{ V _{ a }}\right)$

$\Delta Q =\frac{R T_4}{3} \ln 2 \Rightarrow( P )$

Process	Condition
$(I)$ Adiabatic	$(A)\; \Delta W =0$
$(II)$ Isothermal	$(B)\; \Delta Q=0$
$(III)$ Isochoric	$(C)\; \Delta U \neq 0, \Delta W \neq 0 \Delta Q \neq 0$
$(IV)$ Isobaric	$(D)\; \Delta U =0$

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