d
\({{\text{V}}_{{\text{dc}}\,}} = \,\,\frac{{{V_m}}}{\pi }\,\, = \,\,\frac{{\sqrt 2 \,{V_{ms}}}}{\pi }\,\, = \,\,\frac{{\sqrt 2 \, \times \,\,220}}{{3.14}}\,\, \approx \,\,99\,\,volt\)

\({I_{dc}}\,\, = \,\,\frac{{{V_{dc}}}}{{{R_L}}}\,\, = \,\,\frac{{99}}{{1000}}\,\, = \,\,99mA\)

\(r\,\, = \,\,\frac{{{{\left( {{V_r}} \right)}_{rms}}}}{{{V_{dc}}}}\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,{({V_r})_{rms}}\,\, = \,\,r\,\, \times \,\,{v_{dc}}\,\, = \,\,1.21\,\, \times \,\,99\,\, = \,\,119.79\,\,volt.\)