Question
As neutral atom carbon has electronic configuration $\underset{2,}{K} \underset{4}{L}$. To gain inert gas configuration carbon can either donate 4 valence electrons (helium gas configuration) or gain 4 electrons (neon gas configuration), but it cannot do so. To acquire inert gas configuration carbon can only share its 4 valence electrons with other atoms forming covalent bonds. A covalent bond can be defined as a chemical bond formed between two atoms by mutual sharing of valence electrons so that each atom acquires the stable electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas. The concept of covalent bonds was given by Langmuir and Lewis to explain bonding in non-ionic compounds. The covalent bonds are of three types. If each atom contributes one electron, the covalent bond formed is called a single covalent bond and is represented by a single line (-) and if each atom contributes two electrons, the covalent bond formed is called a double bond and is represented by a double line ( $=$ ) and if each atom contributes three electrons, the covalent bond formed is called a triple bond and is represented by a triple line ( $\equiv$ ).
i. Define Catenation.
ii. What are name given for carbon atoms linked with single, double, triple bond?
iii. Define Valency and write two examples of molecules containing double bond.
OR
Draw the electron dot structure for $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}$ molecule.
i. Define Catenation.
ii. What are name given for carbon atoms linked with single, double, triple bond?
iii. Define Valency and write two examples of molecules containing double bond.
OR
Draw the electron dot structure for $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}$ molecule.
