Question
  1. Define solubility product. Write solubility product expression in terms of molar solubility for FeCl3
  2. What is the effect of temperature on solubility of gases in liquids?
  3. Equilibrium constant for the reaction is 4.0. What will be the equilibrium constant for the reverse reaction.
  4. Calculate the pH of 10-8M HCl solution.

Answer

  1. Solubility product is defined as the product of molar concentration of ions raised to the power the number of ions formed per formula of the compound.

$\text{FeCl}_3(\text{s})\rightleftharpoons\text{Fe}^{3+}+3\text{Cl}^-\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ '\text{s}' \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 3\text{s}$

$\text{K}_{\text{sp}}=[\text{Fe}^{3+}][\text{Cl}^-]^3$

$\text{K}_\text{sp}=(\text{s})(3\text{s})^3,$

where 's' mol L-1 is solubility.

$\Rightarrow\text{K}_\text{sp}= 27\text{s}^4$

$\Rightarrow\text{s}=4\sqrt{\frac{\text{K}_\text{sp}}{27}}$

  1. Solubility of gases in liquids decreases with increase in temperature because force of attraction between gas and liquid decreases at high temperature.
  2. K for the reaction = 4

$\therefore \text{K}'$ for reverse reaction $=\frac{1}{4}=0.25$ [$\because \text{K}'=\frac{1}{ \text{K}}$ for reverse reaction]

  1. $$pH of 10-8M HCl solution.

$\text{HCl}\xrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ \ }\text{H}^++\text{Cl}^-\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ ^{10^{-8}\text{M}}$

$\text{H}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons\text{H}^++\text{OH}^-$

$\text{K}_\text{w}=1\times10^{-14}$

$\Rightarrow [\text{H}^+][\text{OH}^-]=10^{-14}$

$\because[\text{H}^+]=[\text{OH}]$

$\therefore [\text{H}^+]^2=10^{-14}$

$\Rightarrow [\text{H}^+]=10^{-7}\text{mol L}^{-1}$

Total concentration of

$[\text{H}^+]=(10^{-8}+10^{-7})$

$=10^{-7}(1+0.1)$

$=1.1\times10^{-7}$

$\therefore \text{pH}=-\log[\text{H}^+]$

$=-\log1.1\times10^{-7}$

$=-\log1.1-\log10^{-7}$

$\Rightarrow \text{pH}=-0.0454+7.000$

$=6.9546$

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