India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife — Social Studies STD 6 — Question

Tropical rain: Tropical forests occur in the areas which receive heavy rainfall. They are so dense that Sunlight doesn’t reach the ground. Many species of trees are found in these forests. The trees shed their leaves at different time of the year. These always appear green.

Mahogany, ebony and rosewood are trees found in these areas. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, parts of north-eastern states and a narrow strip of the western slope of the Western Ghats are home of these forests.

Tropical deciduous forests: These forests are found in a large part of our country. These forests are also called monsoon forests. They are less dense. They shed their leaves at a particular time of the year.

Important trees of these forests are sal, teak, peepal, neem and shisham. They are found in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and in parts of Maharashtra.

Thorny bushes vegetation: These are found in dry areas of the country. The leaves are in the form of spines to reduce the loss of water. Cactus, khair, babool, keekar are important and are found in the States of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, eastern slopes of Western Ghat and Gujarat.

Mountain vegetation: A wide range of Mountain vegetation is found in the mountains according to the variation in height. At a height between 1500 to 2500 metres. Most of the trees are conical in shape. These trees are called coniferous trees. Chir, Pine and Deodar are important trees of these forests.

Mangrove forests: These forests can survive in saline water. They are found mainly in Sunderbans in West Bengal and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Sundari is a well-known species of trees in mangrove forests after which Sunderbans have been named.