Question
Discuss chemical properties of lanthanoids.
✓
Answer
→ In their chemical behaviour, in general, the earlier members of the series are quite reactive similar to calcium but, with increasing atomic number, they behave more like aluminium.
→ The value of $E ^0$ of half reaction
$
\operatorname{Ln}_{( aq )}^{3+}+3 e ^{-} \longrightarrow Ln ( s ) \text { range from }-2.21
$
to 2.4 V except for Eu that has -2.0 V .
→ Lanthanoids heated with carbon forms carbides Ln3C, Ln2C3 and LnC2
→ Lanthanoids form trihalides LnX3 with halogen and liberates hydrogen gas when treated with dilute acids.
→These metals combine with oxygen to form oxides of type Ln2O3
→ Oxides are basic in nature and when dissloved in water they form hydroxide Ln(OH)3.
→ The value of $E ^0$ of half reaction
$
\operatorname{Ln}_{( aq )}^{3+}+3 e ^{-} \longrightarrow Ln ( s ) \text { range from }-2.21
$
to 2.4 V except for Eu that has -2.0 V .
→ Lanthanoids heated with carbon forms carbides Ln3C, Ln2C3 and LnC2
→ Lanthanoids form trihalides LnX3 with halogen and liberates hydrogen gas when treated with dilute acids.
→These metals combine with oxygen to form oxides of type Ln2O3
→ Oxides are basic in nature and when dissloved in water they form hydroxide Ln(OH)3.
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