Question
Explain the glycolysis in detail.
✓
Answer
- Carbohydrates are converted to glucose after the process of digestion is completed. The oxidation of glucose for releasing energy is called glycolysis which takes place in cytoplasm.
- Glycolysis can occur in presence of oxygen or without oxygen too. The first type of glycolysis takes place in aerobic respiration and the second type is in anaerobic respiration.
- In aerobic respiration, there is step-wise oxidation of glucose molecule forming two molecules each of pyruvic acid, $ATP, NADH_2$ and water.
- Later the pyruvic acid formed in this process is converted into molecules of Acetyl-Coenzyme-A along with two molecules of $NADH_2 $ and two molecules of $CO_2.$
- During anaerobic respiration along with glycolysis there is fermentation too. This is incomplete oxidation of glucose and thus it results in formation of lesser energy.
- The process of glycolysis was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jacob Parnas. Therefore, in their honour, glycolysis is also called as Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMP pathway). For the discovery they had performed experiments on muscles.
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