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Structure of Atom — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryStructure of Atom3 Marks
Question
Hydrogen atom has only one electron, so mutual repulsion between electrons is absent. However, in multielectron atoms mutual repulsion between the electrons is significant. How does this affect the energy of an electron in the orbitals of the same principal quantum number in multielectron atoms?
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Answer

The energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom is determined solely by the principal quantum number. Thus, the energy of the orbitals increases as follows:
1s < 2s = 2p < 3s = 3p = 3d < 4s = 4p = 4d = 4f < (2.23),
The energy of an electron in a multielectron atom, that of the hydrogen atom, depends not only on its principal quantum number (shell), but also on its azimuthal quantum number (subshell). That is, for a given principal quantum number, s, p, d, f .... all have different energies.

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