Question
If a liquid compound decomposes at its boiling point, which method (s) can you choose for its purification. It is known that the compound is stable at low pressure, steam volatile and insoluble in water.

Answer

Steam distillation can be used for its purification. This method is applied to separate substances which are steam volatile and immiscible with water.

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Consider the following structure:
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {\text{O}}\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \|\\\ ^1\text{C}_3-\ ^2\text{CH}_2-\ ^3\text{C}-\ ^4\text{C}_2-\ ^5\text{C}\equiv\ ^6\text{CH}$
  1. How many σ and π-bonds are present in this compound?
  2. Arrange carbon no. 2, 3, 5 in decreasing order of s-character.
  3. Which atoms have same hybrid state?
Complete the reactions:
  1. $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3+\text{HNO}_3\xrightarrow{\text{Vapour phase}}$
  2. $\text{CH}_4+\text{O}_2\xrightarrow[723-773\text{K}]{\text{Copper tube}}$
  3. $\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\stackrel{{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -}}{\hbox{COO} }\stackrel{{+}}{\hbox{Na}}+\text{NaOH}\xrightarrow{\text{CaO}}$
When 1 mole of water is converted into steam at 1 atmospheric pressure and temperature of 373 K then 40,670 joules of heat is absorbed. How much will the internal energy change in this process? The molar volumes of water and steam are 18.0 and $30,600 cm^3$ respectively.
The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Arrange them in order of increasing energies. If any of these combination(s) has/ have the same energy lists:
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  2. $\text{n}=3,\text{l}=2,\text{m}_\text{l}=1,\text{m}_{\text{s}}=+\frac{1}{2}$
  3. $\text{n}=4,\text{l}=1,\text{m}_\text{l}=0,\text{m}_{\text{s}}=+\frac{1}{2}$
  4. $\text{n}=3,\text{l}=2,\text{m}_\text{l}=-2,\text{m}_{\text{s}}=-\frac{1}{2}$
  5. $\text{n}=3,\text{l}=1,\text{m}_\text{l}=-1,\text{m}_{\text{s}}=+\frac{1}{2}$
  6. $\text{n}=4,\text{l}=1,\text{m}_\text{l}=0,\text{m}_{\text{s}}=+\frac{1}{2}$
Elements X, Y and Z have 4, 5 and 7 valence electrons respectively:
  1. Write the molecular formula of the compounds formed by these elements individually with hydrogen.
  2. Which of these compounds will have the highest dipole moment?
All compounds of alkali metals are easily soluble in water but lithium compounds are more soluble in organic solvents. Explain.
  1. Discuss the harmful effects of photochemical smog.
  2. Write any two effects of acid rain.
  3. Define soil pollution.
Calculate the number of atoms present in 1.4 g of $\mathrm{N}_2$ molecule.
The electron energy in hydrogen atom is given by $\text{E}_{\text{n}}=\frac{ (–2.18 \times 10–18 )}{\text{n}^2}\text{J}.$ Calculate the energy required to remove an electron completely from the n = 2 orbit. What is the longest wavelength of light in cm that can be used to cause this transition?
How much energy is required to ionise a H atom if the electron occupies n = 5 orbit? Compare your answer with the ionization enthalpy of H atom (energy required to remove the electron from n = 1 orbit).