If $\rho $ is the density of the material of a wire and $\sigma  $ is breaking stress, the greatest length of the wire that can hang freely without breaking is
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$\frac{F}{A}=\sigma$

$\frac{(\mathrm{A} \ell) \rho \mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{A}}=\sigma$

$\ell=\frac{\sigma}{\rho g}$

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