A 5cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 18cm at a distance of 12cm from it. Use lens formula to determine the position, size and nature to the image formed.

Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a concave mirror when an object is placed:At infinity.

It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12cm.
Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this case.

State three characteristics of the image formed by a convex mirror.

Write the formula for a lens connecting image distance (υ), object distance (u) and the focal length (f). How does the lens formula differ from the mirror formula?

List two properties of the images formed by convex mirrors. Draw ray diagram in support of your answer.

“A ray of light incident on a rectangular glass slab immersed in any medium emerges parallel to itself.” Draw labeled ray diagram to justify this statement.

A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why?

‘‘A concave mirror of focal length 15cm can form a magnified erect as well as inverted image of an object placed in front of it.’’ Justify this statement stating the position of the object with respect to the pole of the mirror in both cases for obtaining the images.