(Figure) \(\Rightarrow \) Zig -Zag
\(SiO_2\) : represents to \(3D\) silicate, that has covalent lattice as one silicon atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms and each oxygen in turn is bonded to two silicon.
\(\begin{matrix}
\begin{matrix}
\begin{matrix}
\begin{matrix}
|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,| \\
O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O \\
\end{matrix} \\
|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,| \\
-O-Si-O-Si-O- \\
|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,| \\
\end{matrix} \\
\,O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O \\
\,\,|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,| \\
-O-Si-O-Si-O- \\
\end{matrix} \\
|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|\, \\
O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O \\
|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,| \\
\end{matrix}\)
$(i)\,\, Cl^-$ એ $F^-$ કરતાં વધારે આસાનીથી ઈલેકટ્રોન પ્રાપ્ત કે છે
$(ii) \,\,Cl^-$ એ $F^-$ કરતાં વધારે સારું રીડક્સન કર્તા છે
$(iii)\,\, Cl^-$ નું કદ $F^-$ કરતાં નાનું છે
$(iv)\,\, F^-$ એ $Cl^-$ કરતા વધુ સરળતાથી ઓક્સિડાઇઝ કરી શકાય છે