Question
Potential difference $(\triangle\text{V})$ between two points $A$ and $B$ separated by a distance $x,$ in a uniform electric field $E$ is given by $\triangle\text{V}=-\text{Ex},$ where xis measured parallel to the field lines. If a charge $q_0$ moves from $P$ to $Q,$ the change in potential energy $(\triangle\text{U})$ is given as $\triangle\text{U}=-\text{q}_0\triangle\text{V}.$ A proton is released from rest in uniform electric field of magnitude $4.0 \times 10^8Vm^{-1}$ directed along the positive $X-$ axis. The proton undergoes a displacement of $0.25m$ in the direction of $E$. Mass of a proton $= 1.66 \times 10^{-27}kg$ and charge of proton $ = 1.6 \times 10^{-19}C$.
  1. The change in electric potential of the proton between the points $A$ and $B$ is:
  1. The potential energy of proton decreases.
  2. The potential energy of proton increases.
  3. The proton loses kinetic energy.
As the proton moves from $P$ to $Q,$ then:
  1. $-1.1J$
  2. $2J$
  3. $2.5J$
  4. $3J$
If a system consistsoftwocharges $4mC$ and $-3mC$ with no external field placed at $(-5\ cm, 0, 0)$ and $(5\ cm, 0, 0)$ respectively.The amount of work required to separate the two charges infinitely away from each other is:
  1. $1.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
  2. $5.5 \times 10^{-14}J$
  3. $2.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
  4. $4.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
The mutual electrostatic potential energy between two protons which are at a distance of $9 \times 10^{-15}m, in _{92}U^{235 }$ nucleus is:
  1. $1.6 \times 10^{11}J$
  2. $0.5 \times 10^{23}J$
  3. $-1.6 \times 10^{-11}J$
  4. $3.2 \times 10^{22}J$
The change in electric potential energy of the proton for displacement from $A$ to $B$ is:
  1. $-1 \times 10^8V$
  2. $1 \times 10^8V$
  3. $6.4 \times 10^{-19}V$
  4. $-6.4 \times 10^{-19}V$
Total energy of the proton increases.

Answer

  1.  $-1 \times 10^8V$
As $\triangle\text{V}=-\text{E}\triangle\text{x}=-(4.0\times10^8\frac{\text{V}}{\text{m}})(0.25\text{m})$
$=-10^8\text{V}.$
  1. $ -1.6 \times 10^{-11}J$
As $\triangle\text{U}=\text{q}_0\triangle\text{V}$
$=-(1.6\times10^{-19})\times(-1.0\times10^8\text{V})$
$=-1.6\times10^{-11}\text{V}.$
  1. $2.56 \times 10^{-14}J$
Here $, q_1 = q_2 = 1.6 \times 10^{-19}C, r = 9 \times 10^{-15}m$
$\text{U}=\frac{9\times10^9\times1.6\times10^{-19}\times1.6\times10^{-19}}{9\times10^{-15}}$
$=2.56\times10^{-14}\text{J}.$
  1.  $-1.1J$
Here, $\text{q}_1=4\mu\text{C},\text{ q}_2=3\mu\text{C}$
$r = 10\ cm = 0.1m$
Electrostatic potential energy,
$\text{U}=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{\text{q}_1\text{q}_2}{\text{r}}$
$=9\times10^9\times\frac{4\times10^{-6}\times(-3)\times10^{-6}}{0.1}$
$= -1.1J$
  1.  The potential energy of proton decreases.
As proton moves in the direction of the electric field, then its potential energy decreases.

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