સૂચી $-I$ (ધનઆયનો) | સૂચી $-II$(સમૂહ પ્રક્રિયકો) |
$P \rightarrow Pb ^{2+}, Cu ^{2+}$ | $(i)$ $H _2 S$ gas in presence of dilute $HCl$ |
$Q \rightarrow Al ^{3+}, Fe ^{3+}$ | $(ii)$ $\left( NH _4\right)_2 CO _3$ in presence of $NH _4 OH$ |
$R \rightarrow Co ^{2+}, Ni ^{2+}$ | $(iii)$ $NH _4 OH$ in presence of $NH _4 CI$ |
$S \rightarrow Ba ^{2+}, Ca ^{2+}$ | $(iv)$ $H _2 S$ in presence of $NH _4 OH$ |
Cations | Group No. | Group reagent |
$Pb ^{+2}, Cu ^{+2}$ | $II$ | $H _2 S ( g )$ in presence of dil.$HCl$ |
$Al ^{+3}, Fe ^{+3}$ | $III$ | $NH _4 OH$ in presence of $NH _4 Cl$ |
$CO ^{+2}, Ni ^{+2}$ | $IV$ | $H _2 S$ in presence of $NH _4 OH$ |
$Ba ^{+2}, Ca ^{+2}$ | $V$ | $\left( NH _4\right)_2 CO _3$ in presence of $NH _4 OH$ |
$2N{H_3}\, \rightleftharpoons \,N{H_4}^ + \, + \,N{H_2}^ - $