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Metals and Non-Metals — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceMetals and Non-Metals5 Marks
Question
  1. What is thermit process ? Where is this process used? Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved.
  2. Where does the metal aluminium, used in the process, occurs in the reactivity series of metals?
  3. Name the substances that are getting oxidised and reduced in the process.
✓

Answer

  1. In thermite reaction, iron oxide reacts with aluminium to produce molten iron. It is an exothermic process.
The following reaction of iron oxide with aluminium as:

$\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3(\text{s})+2\text{Al}(\text{s})\rightarrow\text{2Fe(l)}+\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3(\text{s})+\text{heat}$

This is used to join railway tracks or cracked machine parts because the amount of heat evolved is so large that the metal is produced in the molten state.
  1. The reactivity series of metals as:
K > Na > Ca > Mg > Al > C > Zn > Fe > Sn > Pb.

As aluminium is more reactive than iron so it is placed above iron in the reactivity series.
  1. Oxidized → Al.
Reduced → $Fe_2O_3$.

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